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Low complexity rate control for versatile video coding with hybrid Lagrange multiplier

International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) ยท Vol. 15 No. 2 (2025)

DOI
10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1686-1695
ISSN
2722-2578, 2088-8708
Published
2025-04-01
Publisher
Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Versatile video coding (VVC) has a notable increase in encoding efficiency over high efficiency video coding (HEVC) but bandwidth and storage are limited in real-world video applications, so rate control is crucial. Even if VVC shows a notable increase in encoding capacity over HEVC, the rate control may create fluctuations in video quality and computational complexity. This fluctuation can have a significant impact on the watching experience, particularly in low-bitrate settings. The rate control variables of the consistent resolution and the decreased resolution are proposed in order to make the rate control method hybrid to consistent resolutions and reduce computational complexity. To achieve optimal coding parameters, the frames with varying resolutions Lagrange multiplier (ฮป), skip coding tree unit (CTU) and quantization parameter (QP) are combined. After evaluation, the average encoding time savings (๐‘‡๐‘ ๐‘Ž๐‘ฃ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘”) were found to be 19.49%, with a Bjontegaard delta bit rate (BDBR) of -0.44% indicating insignificant quality loss.

Collaboration network of the authors

11 authors ยท 16 co-authorship links ยท 3 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
  • University of Nusa Cendana
  • University of Indonesia
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles ยท bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Gamantyo HendrantoroInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember3
Prima KristalinaInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Amin SuharjonoInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Abdul RachmanAffiliation unknown1
Kalamullah RamliUniversity of Indonesia1
Kalvein RanteloboUniversity of Nusa Cendana1
Yoyon Kusnendar SupraptoInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Solekhan SolekhanInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

This record comes from Crossref (what the publisher deposited), because the journal's own OAI-PMH endpoint could not be harvested.

Metadata source: Crossref API (cadangan, berdasarkan ISSN) https://api.crossref.org/journals/2088-8708/works, first harvested 27 Okt 2026, last seen 27 Okt 2026.
Metadata as oai_dc, converted from Crossref
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/"><dc:title>Low complexity rate control for versatile video coding with hybrid Lagrange multiplier</dc:title><dc:creator>Bukit, Alexander Victor</dc:creator><dc:creator>Suwadi, Suwadi</dc:creator><dc:creator>Wirawan, Wirawan</dc:creator><dc:description>&lt;jats:p&gt;Versatile video coding (VVC) has a notable increase in encoding efficiency over high efficiency video coding (HEVC) but bandwidth and storage are limited in real-world video applications, so rate control is crucial. Even if VVC shows a notable increase in encoding capacity over HEVC, the rate control may create fluctuations in video quality and computational complexity. This fluctuation can have a significant impact on the watching experience, particularly in low-bitrate settings. The rate control variables of the consistent resolution and the decreased resolution are proposed in order to make the rate control method hybrid to consistent resolutions and reduce computational complexity. To achieve optimal coding parameters, the frames with varying resolutions Lagrange multiplier (ฮป), skip coding tree unit (CTU) and quantization parameter (QP) are combined. After evaluation, the average encoding time savings (๐‘‡๐‘ ๐‘Ž๐‘ฃ๐‘–๐‘›๐‘”) were found to be 19.49%, with a Bjontegaard delta bit rate (BDBR) of -0.44% indicating insignificant quality loss.&lt;/jats:p&gt;</dc:description><dc:publisher>Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science</dc:publisher><dc:date>2025-04-01</dc:date><dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type><dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format><dc:identifier>https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1686-1695</dc:identifier><dc:identifier>10.11591/ijece.v15i2.pp1686-1695</dc:identifier><dc:source>International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE); Vol 15 No 2 (2025); 1686</dc:source><dc:source>2722-2578</dc:source><dc:source>2088-8708</dc:source><dc:relation>https://ijece.iaescore.com/index.php/IJECE/article/viewFile/37175/18090</dc:relation><dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights></oai_dc:dc>