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The Right to Know: Re-evaluating Donor Anonymity in the Era of Children’s Rights from an Indonesian Legal Perspective

El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga · Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 1023–1041

DOI
10.22373/ujhk.v9i2.34756
ISSN
2620-8083, 2620-8075
Terbit
2026-09-27
Penerbit
Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Indonesia’s increasing integration into cross-border assisted reproductive technology (ART) networks has created a normative gap concerning the right of donor-conceived individuals to access information about their biological origins. Although Indonesia has ratified international human rights instruments, its domestic framework, including Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health and Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, regulates ART fragmentarily and provides no clear legal basis for this right. This research is normative legal research, also known as doctrinal research, to analyze the legal paradox of donor anonymity in Indonesia and uses descriptive analysis to synthesize a new legal framework that is appropriate to the Indonesian context and uses legal, conceptual, and comparative approaches, examining Indonesia’s framework alongside the United Kingdom’s Human Fertilization and Embryology Act 2004 and Australia’s Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act 2008. The findings indicate that absolute donor anonymity is not fully compatible with Indonesia’s constitutional principles and Islamic legal values. From a Maqasid al-Shariah perspective, anonymity may undermine Hifz al-Nasl (preservation of lineage), while sadd al-dhara’i supports limiting anonymity to prevent inadvertent consanguineous marriage. The right to know one’s biological origins may also constitute a dimension of the right to health under Article 28H (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Comparative analysis shows that open-identity donor frameworks do not necessarily require legalizing third-party gamete donation. Accordingly, a Semi-Open Disclosure System could provide a constitutionally compatible model within Article 127 of Law Number 17 of 2023. The study recommends legislative reform, a National Donor Registry, mandatory ART counseling, and proactive constitutional interpretation to balance lineage protection, children’s rights, the right to health, and Islamic legal values.

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Kendari
  • Muhammadiyah University of Makassar
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto
  • Universitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Rahman HasimaUniversitas Halu Oleo4
Sahrina SafiuddinUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Saraswati SaraswatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
La Ode Muhammad Saleh SaputraUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Fitriah FaisalUniversitas Halu Oleo2
SukringUniversitas Halu Oleo2
St. Muslimah SuciatiUniversitas Halu Oleo2
RuliahUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Handrawan HandrawanUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Endah WidyastutiUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Jabalnur JabalnurUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Andi SyahrirUniversitas Sembilanbelas November Kolaka2
Haris YusufUniversitas Halu Oleo2
HERMAN HERMANMuhammadiyah University of Makassar2
Safril Sofwan SanibUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Siti Muslimah SuciatiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Zahrowati ZahrowatiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Riswan Hanafyah HarahapAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
La SensuUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Muhammad Sabaruddin SinapoyUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Jamaluddin JamaluddinUniversitas Islam Negeri Profesor Kiai Haji Saifuddin Zuhri Purwokerto1
Herman HermanUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Teguh PratiknyoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Guswan HakimUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Al Asgar KamaluddinUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Oheo Kaimuddin HarisUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nuraeni NuraeniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad SjaifulUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Ahmad Fadil HasbiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
La Ode M. SulihinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Heryanti HeryantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Idris SaputraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lade SirjonUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Sitti Aisah AbdullahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ahmad Firman TartaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/usrah/oai, pertama di-harvest 7 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 7 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Right to Know: Re-evaluating Donor Anonymity in the Era of Children’s Rights from an Indonesian Legal Perspective</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yuningsih, Deity</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Alwi, Idaman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wa Ode Zuliarti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sudirman, Sudirman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Saraswati, Saraswati</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Donor Anonymity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Right to Know</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Children’s Rights</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Hifz al-Nasl</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Assisted Reproductive Technology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Maqasid al-Shariah</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Indonesia’s increasing integration into cross-border assisted reproductive technology (ART) networks has created a normative gap concerning the right of donor-conceived individuals to access information about their biological origins. Although Indonesia has ratified international human rights instruments, its domestic framework, including Law Number 17 of 2023 on Health and Law Number 35 of 2014 on Child Protection, regulates ART fragmentarily and provides no clear legal basis for this right. This research is normative legal research, also known as doctrinal research, to analyze the legal paradox of donor anonymity in Indonesia and uses descriptive analysis to synthesize a new legal framework that is appropriate to the Indonesian context and uses legal, conceptual, and comparative approaches, examining Indonesia’s framework alongside the United Kingdom’s Human Fertilization and Embryology Act 2004 and Australia’s Assisted Reproductive Treatment Act 2008. The findings indicate that absolute donor anonymity is not fully compatible with Indonesia’s constitutional principles and Islamic legal values. From a Maqasid al-Shariah perspective, anonymity may undermine Hifz al-Nasl (preservation of lineage), while sadd al-dhara’i supports limiting anonymity to prevent inadvertent consanguineous marriage. The right to know one’s biological origins may also constitute a dimension of the right to health under Article 28H (1) of the 1945 Constitution. Comparative analysis shows that open-identity donor frameworks do not necessarily require legalizing third-party gamete donation. Accordingly, a Semi-Open Disclosure System could provide a constitutionally compatible model within Article 127 of Law Number 17 of 2023. The study recommends legislative reform, a National Donor Registry, mandatory ART counseling, and proactive constitutional interpretation to balance lineage protection, children’s rights, the right to health, and Islamic legal values.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-09-27</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/usrah/article/view/34756</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22373/ujhk.v9i2.34756</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): EL-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga; 1023-1041</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2620-8083</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2620-8075</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.22373/ujhk.v9i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ar-raniry.ac.id/index.php/usrah/article/view/34756/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Deity Yuningsih, Idaman Alwi, Wa Ode Zuliarti, Sudirman Sudirman, and Saraswati Saraswati </dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>