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Formulating Social Media Blacklisting as An Additional Criminal Sanction for Online Child Sexual Crimes in Indonesia: A Normative and Comparative Analysis

ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan · Vol. 20 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 67–98

DOI
10.15575/adliya.v20i1.48636
ISSN
2657-2125, 1978-8312
Terbit
2025-06-30
Penerbit
Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

The expansion of social media is transforming the modus operandi of child sexual crimes by enabling offenders to groom, manipulate, exploit, and blackmail children through digital platforms. Indonesia’s current criminal justice system remained largely dependent on imprisonment and fines, while the offender’s post-conviction access to the same digital environment used to commit the crime was insufficiently regulated. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the possibility of formulating social media blacklisting as an additional criminal sanction for online child sexual crimes in Indonesia. A normative legal study was conducted with statutory, conceptual, and comparative methods to analyse Indonesian criminal law, child protection norms, digital rights, and comparative practices in the United Kingdom, the United States, South Korea, Germany, and Scandinavian jurisdictions. The results showed that social media blacklisting was normatively justified only when it was expressly regulated by statute, imposed by judicial decision, based on individual risk assessment, limited in duration and scope, and subject to proportionality review. This study contributed to penal reform scholarship by proposing a rights-based and risk-based model of digital additional punishment that protected children, prevented digital recidivism, and avoided unconstitutional blanket restrictions on access to information and expression.

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  • Diponegoro University
  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Islam Kadiri
  • University of Bengkulu
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta
  • Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
  • Central China Normal University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Kiki KristantoUniversity of Palangka Raya5
Aris HardinantoUniversitas Trunodjoyo Madura3
Ariesta Wibisono AndityaUniversity of Malaya3
Anis WidyawatiState University of Semarang3
Nahdiya SabrinaUniversitas Merdeka Malang2
Panca Sarjana PutraNorth Sumatra Islamic University2
Achmad CholidinUniversitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta2
Papontee TeeraphanThaksin University2
Firdaus ArifinUniversitas Pasundan2
Ridwan ArifinState University of Semarang2
Joice SorayaUniversitas Wisnuwardhana Malang1
Timotius Febry Cristian Wahyu SutrisnoUniversitas Islam Kadiri1
Trinas Dewi HariyanaUniversitas Islam Kadiri1
Ali Huristak Hartawan HasibuanUniversitas Islam Kadiri1
Dadang Herli SaputraSultan Ageng Tirtayasa University1
Benny SumardianaState University of Semarang1
Eka Nugraha PutraNUS Centre for Trusted Internet and Community1
Mahmud MulyadiUniversitas Sumatera Utara1
Mikhael FekaDiponegoro University1
Lestari SinagaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Iskandar IskandarAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurhayati MardinTadulako University1
Kasmanto RinaldiIslamic University of Riau1
Beniharmoni HarefaUniversitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta1
Kayus Kayowuan LewolebaUniversitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta1
Akhmad AkhmadCenderawasih University1
Joko SetiyonoDiponegoro University1
Barda Nawawi AriefDiponegoro University1
Budi Joyo SantosoDiponegoro University1
ZentoniDiponegoro University1
David M. L. TobingDiponegoro University1
Setiawan NoerdajasaktiUniversity of Brawijaya1
Nabilaa MohamedUniversiti Teknologi MARA1
Asrul Ibrahim NurUniversity of Debrecen1
Herlina ManullangUniversity of HKBP Nommensen1
Emelia KontesaUniversity of Bengkulu1
Sawitri Yuli HartatiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/adliya/oai, pertama di-harvest 7 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Formulating Social Media Blacklisting as An Additional Criminal Sanction for Online Child Sexual Crimes in Indonesia: A Normative and Comparative Analysis</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Sunggara, Muhamad Adystia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fernando, Zico Junius</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kusumah , Fardana</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">child protection</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">social media blacklisting</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">criminal sanctions</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">cybercrime</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">legal innovation</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The expansion of social media is transforming the modus operandi of child sexual crimes by enabling offenders to groom, manipulate, exploit, and blackmail children through digital platforms. Indonesia’s current criminal justice system remained largely dependent on imprisonment and fines, while the offender’s post-conviction access to the same digital environment used to commit the crime was insufficiently regulated. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the possibility of formulating social media blacklisting as an additional criminal sanction for online child sexual crimes in Indonesia. A normative legal study was conducted with statutory, conceptual, and comparative methods to analyse Indonesian criminal law, child protection norms, digital rights, and comparative practices in the United Kingdom, the United States, South Korea, Germany, and Scandinavian jurisdictions. The results showed that social media blacklisting was normatively justified only when it was expressly regulated by statute, imposed by judicial decision, based on individual risk assessment, limited in duration and scope, and subject to proportionality review. This study contributed to penal reform scholarship by proposing a rights-based and risk-based model of digital additional punishment that protected children, prevented digital recidivism, and avoided unconstitutional blanket restrictions on access to information and expression.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/adliya/article/view/48636</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15575/adliya.v20i1.48636</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan; Vol. 20 No. 1 (2026): ADLIYA: Jurnal Hukum dan Kemanusiaan; 67-98</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2657-2125</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-8312</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/adliya/article/view/48636/16792</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Muhamad Adystia Sunggara, Zico Junius Fernando, Fardana Kusumah </dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>