Tarekat-Based National Da'wah through the Community-Based Da'wah Model at TQN Pondok Pesantren Sirnarasa Ciamis

Abstrak

Inggris

This study aims to reconstruct a Community-Based Da’wa (CBD) model rooted in the phenomenological experience of practitioners of the Qadiriyya-Naqshbandiyya Sufi Order (TQN) at Pondok Pesantren Sirnarasa, Ciamis. The research employs Moustakas’s transcendental phenomenology with epoche reduction, horizonalization, thematic clustering, and textural-structural description. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with eleven purposively selected informants, six-month participatory observation across seven monthly gatherings, and documentary study, while validity was secured through source-method triangulation, member checking, and audit trail. The findings reveal four invariant structures: (1) dhikr jahr–khafi as a personal–collective transformative da’wa mechanism; (2) Madrasah Roudloh as cross-identity bridging-capital infrastructure; (3) semantic integration of Pancasila and Sufism constructing religious nationalism; and (4) a trajectory transforming the order from al-thariqah ila Allah toward al-thariqah ila al-ummah. The synthesis yields a three-component CBD model—spiritual foundation, ritual mediation, social engagement—that extends cultural da’wa theory by integrating Durkheim’s solidarity theory, Putnam’s social capital framework, and Collins’s interaction ritual chains. The study contributes a paradigmatic alternative for developing nationalist da’wa amid Indonesia’s contemporary multicultural polarization and has practical implications for revitalizing tarekat as strategic actors in strengthening social cohesion.

Bahasa Indonesia

This study examines the role of Qadiriyya Naqshbandiyya Sufi Order (TQN) of Pesantren Sirnarasa (PPS) in Ciamis Regency as a social cohesion institution from the perspective of Islamic da'wa studies and social cohesion theory. Employing a qualitative phenomenological approach with in-depth interviews and participatory observation among TQN PPS Sirnarasa practitioners, this research finds that spiritual ritual practices—dhikr, tawajjuh, and nationalist religious gatherings—function as transformative da'wa media that internalize Pancasila values and social solidarity. From a da'wa perspective, TQN positions itself not merely as a devotional congregation, but also as a structural da'wa actor that builds inclusive social networks across ethnic, class, and background lines through the Madrasah Roudloh institution. By integrating Émile Durkheim's social cohesion theory, mechanical and organic solidarity, and a cultural da'wa framework, this study argues that TQN PPS Sirnarasa has transformed the function of the Sufi order from a spiritual path to God (al-thariqah ila Allah) into a social da'wa force strengthening national unity amidst contemporary social pluralism and fragmentation. These findings contribute theoretically to the development of community-based da'wa in the context of Indonesia's multicultural society.

Kata kunci

• Dakwah kultural
• kohesi sosial
• tarekat
• TQN PPS Sirnarasa
• solidaritas kebangsaan.
• Community-based da’wa
• nationalist da’wa
• phenomenology
• social cohesion
• TQN Sirnarasa