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Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Acorus calamus L. Extracts

Jurnal Biodjati · Vol. 4 No. 1 (2019) · hlm. 68–78

DOI
10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4235
ISSN
2541-4208, 2548-1606
Terbit
2019-05-28
Penerbit
UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

  Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most common species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, which cause vaginitis, in infertile women. The Calamus rhizome (Acorus calamus L.) is an Indonesian plant that has antibacterial properties that can be used to treat vaginitis and increase fertility. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the calamus rhizoma in polar, semi-polar and non-polar solvents in the growth of S. aureus and E. coli. The antibacterial activity test was in the form of inhibitory test using the Kirby-Bauer, Minimum Inhibi-tion Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) by microdilution method with multilevel dilution (concentra-tions 50; 25; 12.5; 6.25; 3.13; 1.56; 0.78; and 0.39%). The screening results showed that ethanol and n-hexane extract contained alkaloids and triterpenoids, while chloroform extract was only triterpenoid. Chloroform extract produced the largest inhibition zone diameter of S. aureus and E. coli (7.26 and 3.28 mm), followed by ethanol extract (5.90 and 3.07 mm) and n-hexane extract (5.33 and 2.95 mm). The concentrations of 0.39 and 0.78% were the values of MIC and MBC for all three extracts, indicating that the extract of the calamus rhizome with several solvents in this study had the same antibacterial activity.Â

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim
  • Universiti Sains Malaysia
  • Indonesia Open University
  • State University of Malang
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Prilya Dewi FitriasariUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim3
Vuanghao LimUniversiti Sains Malaysia2
Nur Izzah AnalisaUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim2
Mujahidin AhmadUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim2
Soraya HabibiIndonesia Open University2
Ely Nuril FajriyahUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim2
Ana Mar'a Konita FirdausUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Eko Budi MinarnoUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Mei RhomawatiUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Maharani Retna DuhitaUniversitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim1
Wira Eka PutraState University of Malang1
Firli Rahmah Primula DewiUniversitas Airlangga1
Sri Puji Astuti WahyuningsihUniversitas Airlangga1
Adelah Putri Milenia SariUniversitas Airlangga1
Umi Nur AlfiahUniversitas Airlangga1
Ummi ZubaidahUniversitas Airlangga1
Sugiharto -Universitas Airlangga1
AunurohimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Putri Alicia DewiUniversitas Airlangga1
Maya SafitriUniversitas Airlangga1
Farah Annisa NurbaniUniversitas Airlangga1
Manikya PramudyaUniversitas Airlangga1
A. R SeptianiUniversitas Airlangga1
Allam Thoriq NashrullohUniversitas Airlangga1
Muhammad Hilman Fuadil AminAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Khusnita GiartiUniversitas Airlangga1
Yuli WinarsihUniversitas Airlangga1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/biodjati/oai, pertama di-harvest 7 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Phytochemical Screening and Antibacterial Activity of Acorus calamus L. Extracts</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Muchtaromah, Bayyinatul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hayati, Alfiah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Agustina, Erna</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Acorus calamus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">antibacterial activity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">phytochemical screening</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">  Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are among the most common species of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, which cause vaginitis, in infertile women. The Calamus rhizome (Acorus calamus L.) is an Indonesian plant that has antibacterial properties that can be used to treat vaginitis and increase fertility. The aim of this study was to determine the phytochemical and antibacterial activity of the calamus rhizoma in polar, semi-polar and non-polar solvents in the growth of S. aureus and E. coli. The antibacterial activity test was in the form of inhibitory test using the Kirby-Bauer, Minimum Inhibi-tion Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) by microdilution method with multilevel dilution (concentra-tions 50; 25; 12.5; 6.25; 3.13; 1.56; 0.78; and 0.39%). The screening results showed that ethanol and n-hexane extract contained alkaloids and triterpenoids, while chloroform extract was only triterpenoid. Chloroform extract produced the largest inhibition zone diameter of S. aureus and E. coli (7.26 and 3.28 mm), followed by ethanol extract (5.90 and 3.07 mm) and n-hexane extract (5.33 and 2.95 mm). The concentrations of 0.39 and 0.78% were the values of MIC and MBC for all three extracts, indicating that the extract of the calamus rhizome with several solvents in this study had the same antibacterial activity. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2019-05-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/biodjati/article/view/4235</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15575/biodjati.v4i1.4235</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Biodjati; Vol. 4 No. 1 (2019): May; 68-78</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id-ID">Jurnal Biodjati; Vol 4 No 1 (2019): May; 68-78</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2541-4208</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2548-1606</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/biodjati/article/view/4235/2716</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2019 Jurnal Biodjati</dc:rights>
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