Aquaponic greenhouse agriculture integrated with multi-modal sensors and LED-grow-light IoT-based

Abstract

This study aims to develop a smart greenhouse aquaponic farming system that integrates aquaculture and hydroponic cultivation based on the Internet of Things (IoT). The proposed integration method employs multi-modal sensors and LED-grow-lights as supporting technologies to enable remote monitoring and control of aquaponic farming conditions through the Blynk IoT platform. The multi-modal sensors utilized in this research include DHT11 for monitoring air temperature and humidity, light dependent resistor (LDR) and infrared (IR) sensors for measuring sunlight intensity and LED-grow-lights levels, a soil moisture sensor for measuring hydroponic water volume, DS18B20 for monitoring aquaponic water temperature, a total dissolved solids (TDS) sensor for nutrient concentration, and pH-4502C for measuring water acidity. The LED-grow-lights functions as an artificial light source to replace sunlight under unfavorable weather conditions. In this study, a Raspberry Pi was implemented as the central data processing unit, while the Blynk IoT platform was employed to transmit aquaponic greenhouse data to the farmer’s smartphone. The experimental results demonstrate that the integration of multi-modal sensors enables effective monitoring of IoT-based aquaponic farming conditions with an accuracy level of up to 94% compared with other product of sensors, a monitoring and control delay ranging transmits the data from the embedded devices to smartphone farmer between 5 and 9 seconds, and reliable replacement of sunlight by the LED-grow-lights during adverse weather conditions.