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Religious Identity in Local Political Contestation on Social Media: A Virtual Ethnographic Study of the 2024 Cilegon City Regional Election

Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama · Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 477–492

DOI
10.15575/hanifiya.v9i2.58704
ISSN
2722-2772, 2089-8835
Terbit
2026-10-05
Penerbit
Program Studi Studi Agama-Agama Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

In local political contestation, religious identity becomes one of the sources of political meaning and legitimacy expressed through values, symbols, practices, narratives, and socio-religious relations on social media. This study examines the use of social media in building the legitimacy of religious identity, its emergence in responding to public issues, and its manifestation in campaign programs in the 2024 Cilegon City Pilkada. This study uses a virtual ethnography method. Data were obtained through observations of the official Instagram and TikTok accounts of the three candidate pairs during September 25–November 23, 2024, and on election day, November 27, 2024. Data include posts, videos, narratives, religious symbols, campaign programs, and user comments. Interviews are used as supporting sources to enrich the interpretation of the findings. The analysis uses Manuel Castells' The Power of Identity perspective as the main foundation, with Circuit of Culture and Identity Negotiation Theory as supporting perspectives. The results of the study indicate differences in sources and orientations in the formation of religious legitimacy. Robinsar displays socially oriented personal piety; Helldy Agustian emphasizes ethical piety and closeness to religious scholars; while Isro Mi'raj displays empathetic social concern. In responding to public issues, religious expression occurs contextually and is not limited to symbols, but is present through attitudes, narratives, and responses to socio-political issues. Religious values are also manifested in political programs, particularly in the fields of religious education, Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), madrasas (madrasahs), and social services. This study concludes that religious identity in local political contestation is a dynamic construct formed through the linkage of religious sources with orientation, actions, and responses to public issues. Social media becomes a space for articulation and negotiation where this construction gains meaning and political legitimacy before the public.

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  • Sunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung
  • Diponegoro University
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Enok RisdayahAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
cecep suryanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Enjang MuhaeminSunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung2
Betty TresnawatyAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Asep Iwan SetiawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Agus RiyantoDiponegoro University1
TarsoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lukito Angga PrasaktiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Herman Surdianto SoegotoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Tantan HermansahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Acep MuslimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Izzuddin MusthafaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Qudsi Mutawakil HusainiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Abdullah Nasir Al-QorniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dede Mirna SomantriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Azahra SalsabilaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Bahrudin BahrudinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Enjang AsAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dwi Nurul HasanahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad Arif FirdausAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mochammad Ihsan Ma'arifAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Uwes FathoniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dadan SuherdianaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dewi YuliandaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ahmad FuadAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mohammad Rafel NizamAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dono DarsonoSunan Gunung Djati State Islamic University Bandung1
Noor Fajriati RamadhaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhamad Fhadli HansyuAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sopiyani solihahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dian NugrahaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Encep DulwahabAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Gamal Yan HermanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Abdul Azis MaarifAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Gilang Novita AprilaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rahmadilla Sarah SevaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/hanifiya/oai, pertama di-harvest 7 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Religious Identity in Local Political Contestation on Social Media: A Virtual Ethnographic Study of the 2024 Cilegon City Regional Election</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Koswara, Asep</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Solahudin, Dindin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fakhruroji, Moch.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khoerudin, Khoerudin</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">local politics</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">regional election</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">religious identity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">social media</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">virtual ethnography</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">In local political contestation, religious identity becomes one of the sources of political meaning and legitimacy expressed through values, symbols, practices, narratives, and socio-religious relations on social media. This study examines the use of social media in building the legitimacy of religious identity, its emergence in responding to public issues, and its manifestation in campaign programs in the 2024 Cilegon City Pilkada. This study uses a virtual ethnography method. Data were obtained through observations of the official Instagram and TikTok accounts of the three candidate pairs during September 25–November 23, 2024, and on election day, November 27, 2024. Data include posts, videos, narratives, religious symbols, campaign programs, and user comments. Interviews are used as supporting sources to enrich the interpretation of the findings. The analysis uses Manuel Castells' The Power of Identity perspective as the main foundation, with Circuit of Culture and Identity Negotiation Theory as supporting perspectives. The results of the study indicate differences in sources and orientations in the formation of religious legitimacy. Robinsar displays socially oriented personal piety; Helldy Agustian emphasizes ethical piety and closeness to religious scholars; while Isro Mi'raj displays empathetic social concern. In responding to public issues, religious expression occurs contextually and is not limited to symbols, but is present through attitudes, narratives, and responses to socio-political issues. Religious values are also manifested in political programs, particularly in the fields of religious education, Islamic boarding schools (pesantren), madrasas (madrasahs), and social services. This study concludes that religious identity in local political contestation is a dynamic construct formed through the linkage of religious sources with orientation, actions, and responses to public issues. Social media becomes a space for articulation and negotiation where this construction gains meaning and political legitimacy before the public.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Program Studi Studi Agama-Agama Pascasarjana UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-05</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/hanifiya/article/view/58704</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15575/hanifiya.v9i2.58704</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama; Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Hanifiya: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama; 477-492</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2722-2772</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-8835</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/hanifiya/article/view/58704/17310</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Asep Koswara, Dindin Solahudin, Moch. Fakhruroji, Khoerudin Khoerudin</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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