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Institutional Fragmentation and Legal Aid Inequality: A Socio-Legal Analysis of University-Based Legal Aid in Sumatera, Indonesia

JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah) · Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 291–303

DOI
10.31958/juris.v25i2.13313
ISSN
2580-2763, 1412-6109
Terbit
2026-08-07
Penerbit
Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Abstrak

State University Legal Aid Institutes (LBH) are considered independent and removed from political influence and conflicts of interest in providing legal assistance to criminal offenders. Consequently, the realization of equal rights and standing before the law, as mandated by the 1945 Constitution, can be achieved. However, the number of State University Legal Aid Institutes in Indonesia that provide legal accompaniment for criminal suspects or defendants remains minimal. Most of these LBHs only provide criminal law consultation services, stopping short of legal accompaniment during trial proceedings. This research attempts to discuss the Government's efforts in providing legal aid for criminal defendants in Sumatra, the development of legal aid for criminal defendants initiated by State Universities in Sumatra, and the extent of the implementation by State Universities in providing legal aid in criminal cases. The method used is empirical juridical research with a sociology of law and statutory approach. The results show that while the government has provided a regulatory framework through Law No. 16 of 2011, budget distribution and accreditation remain concentrated and bureaucratic. There is a sharp dichotomy in the development models of Campus LBHs: Andalas University (Unand) has successfully developed an "entrepreneurial independence" model that integrates professional training (PKPA) to subsidize pro bono legal aid, whereas religious-based state universities (UIN) tend to be trapped in a "bureaucratic dependency" model relying on rigid Budget Implementation Lists (DIPA), causing operational stagnation as seen at UIN Ar-Raniry and UIN Padang Sidempuan. The implementation of criminal legal aid runs effectively in institutions with strong external partnerships (such as Court Legal Aid Posts/Posbakum) but suffers paralysis in institutions that have lost internal infrastructure support. This study concludes that the success of University LBHs is not determined solely by regulatory mandates, but by the political will of university leadership, funding innovation, and substantial clinical curriculum integration. These findings recommend a restructuring of the funding model for State University LBHs and a revitalization of the clinical role to fill the void of legal services in regions with legal pluralism, such as Aceh.

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40 penulis · 71 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 12 lintas organisasi · menampilkan 40 yang paling banyak terhubung

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  • Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry
  • Andalas University
  • Riau University
  • Universiti Utara Malaysia
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
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Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Agustin HanapiUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry2
Muhadi KhalidiUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Muhammad MaulanaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Sumita DewiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Syahrizal AbbasUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Dara MasyittahUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Hajarul AkbarUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Cut AlyaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Muhammad HusnulUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Rispalman RispalmanUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Nada Balkis SuciUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Fakhrurrazi M. YunusUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Fairuzi ZiUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Zaziratul FarizaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Rita ZaharaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Meri AndaniUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Mukhlis MukhlisUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Nur ZairahUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
syuhada SyuhadaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Ulfa YuranisaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Nurbaiti NurbaitiRiau University1
Suha NazwaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Syarifah KhairannurUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Tarmizi M. JakfarUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Rusjdi Ali MuhammadUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Hasnul Arifin MelayuUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Ihdi Karim MakinaraUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Md Zawawi Abu BakarUniversiti Utara Malaysia1
Mohd Hakim Bin Mohd AkhirUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Muhammad MaulanaUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Azharsyah IbrahimUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Armiadi ArmiadiUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Arifa SantiUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Khairuddin KhairuddinUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1
Siti Dian Natasya SolinUniversitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ejournal.uinmybatusangkar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/Juris/oai, pertama di-harvest 7 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Institutional Fragmentation and Legal Aid Inequality: A Socio-Legal Analysis of University-Based Legal Aid in Sumatera, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Salam, Abdul Jalil</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yuhermansyah, Edi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Amri, Aulil</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Arrasuli, Beni Kharisma</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Az-zahra, Raisa</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal Aid Institution</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">University-Based Legal Aid</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Criminal Defendants</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Access to Justice</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Legal Pluralism</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">State University Legal Aid Institutes (LBH) are considered independent and removed from political influence and conflicts of interest in providing legal assistance to criminal offenders. Consequently, the realization of equal rights and standing before the law, as mandated by the 1945 Constitution, can be achieved. However, the number of State University Legal Aid Institutes in Indonesia that provide legal accompaniment for criminal suspects or defendants remains minimal. Most of these LBHs only provide criminal law consultation services, stopping short of legal accompaniment during trial proceedings. This research attempts to discuss the Government's efforts in providing legal aid for criminal defendants in Sumatra, the development of legal aid for criminal defendants initiated by State Universities in Sumatra, and the extent of the implementation by State Universities in providing legal aid in criminal cases. The method used is empirical juridical research with a sociology of law and statutory approach. The results show that while the government has provided a regulatory framework through Law No. 16 of 2011, budget distribution and accreditation remain concentrated and bureaucratic. There is a sharp dichotomy in the development models of Campus LBHs: Andalas University (Unand) has successfully developed an "entrepreneurial independence" model that integrates professional training (PKPA) to subsidize pro bono legal aid, whereas religious-based state universities (UIN) tend to be trapped in a "bureaucratic dependency" model relying on rigid Budget Implementation Lists (DIPA), causing operational stagnation as seen at UIN Ar-Raniry and UIN Padang Sidempuan. The implementation of criminal legal aid runs effectively in institutions with strong external partnerships (such as Court Legal Aid Posts/Posbakum) but suffers paralysis in institutions that have lost internal infrastructure support. This study concludes that the success of University LBHs is not determined solely by regulatory mandates, but by the political will of university leadership, funding innovation, and substantial clinical curriculum integration. These findings recommend a restructuring of the funding model for State University LBHs and a revitalization of the clinical role to fill the void of legal services in regions with legal pluralism, such as Aceh.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-08-07</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://ejournal.uinmybatusangkar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/Juris/article/view/13313</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.31958/juris.v25i2.13313</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah); Vol. 25 No. 2 (2026); 291-303</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Juris; Vol 25 No 2 (2026); 291-303</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-2763</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1412-6109</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.31958/juris.v25i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ejournal.uinmybatusangkar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/Juris/article/view/13313/6004</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Edi Yuhermansyah, Abdul Jalil Salam, Aulil Amri, Beni Kharisma Arrasuli, Raisa Az-zahra</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</dc:rights>
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