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The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia

ACTA MEDICA INDONESIANA · Vol. 51 No. 3 (2019)

ISSN
2338-2732, 0125-9326
Terbit
2019-11-07
Penerbit
The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Background: the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the primary factor contributing to the decline in deaths from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses. However, the emergence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) compromises the effects of ART in treatment-naïve individuals, which may hinder treatment success. The present study aimed to identify the presence of TDR among treatment-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali, which is currently ranked sixth among Indonesian provinces with the highest cumulative human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection cases. Methods: thirty-nine ART-naive individuals in Buleleng Regency General Hospital were enrolled in the present study. Blood samples from participants were subjected to a genotypic analysis. Results: 28 protease (PR) and 30 reverse transcriptase (RT) genes were successfully amplified and sequenced from 37 samples. HIV-1 subtyping revealed CRF01_AE as the dominant circulating recombinant form in the region. No TDR for PR inhibitors was detected; however, TDR for RT inhibitors was identified in five out of 30 samples (16.7%). Conclusion: these results indicate the emergence of TDR among ART-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali. This issue warrants serious consideration because TDR may hamper treatment success and reduce ART efficacy among newly diagnosed individuals. Continuous surveillance with a larger sample size is necessary to monitor TDR among ART-naive individuals.

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Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Emergence of HIV-1 Transmitted Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-naive Individuals in Buleleng, Bali, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Megasari, Ni Luh Ayu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Oktafiani, Devi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fitriana, Elsa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kotaki, Tomohiro</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ueda, Shuhei</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nasronudin, Nasronudin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Soetjipto, Soetjipto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kameoka, Masanori</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">HIV-1</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">CRF01_AE</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Bali</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">antiretroviral therapy (ART)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">transmitted drug resistance (TDR)</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Infectious Diseases</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: the global scale-up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the primary factor contributing to the decline in deaths from acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illnesses. However, the emergence of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) compromises the effects of ART in treatment-naïve individuals, which may hinder treatment success. The present study aimed to identify the presence of TDR among treatment-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali, which is currently ranked sixth among Indonesian provinces with the highest cumulative human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection cases. Methods: thirty-nine ART-naive individuals in Buleleng Regency General Hospital were enrolled in the present study. Blood samples from participants were subjected to a genotypic analysis. Results: 28 protease (PR) and 30 reverse transcriptase (RT) genes were successfully amplified and sequenced from 37 samples. HIV-1 subtyping revealed CRF01_AE as the dominant circulating recombinant form in the region. No TDR for PR inhibitors was detected; however, TDR for RT inhibitors was identified in five out of 30 samples (16.7%). Conclusion: these results indicate the emergence of TDR among ART-naive individuals in Buleleng, Bali. This issue warrants serious consideration because TDR may hamper treatment success and reduce ART efficacy among newly diagnosed individuals. Continuous surveillance with a larger sample size is necessary to monitor TDR among ART-naive individuals.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2019-11-07</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">molecular epidemiology</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1149</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Acta Medica Indonesiana; Vol. 51 No. 3 (2019): Acta Medica Indonesiana; 197</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-2732</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0125-9326</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1149/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2019 Acta Medica Indonesiana</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>