The Dominance of CRF01_AE and the Emergence of Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, HIV-1-infected Individuals in Medan, Indonesia

Indriati, Dwi Wahyu; Witaningrum, Adiana Mutamsari; Yunifiar, M Qushai; Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah; Ueda, Shuhei; Kotaki, Tomohiro; Nasronudin, Nasronudin; Kameoka, Masanori

Jurnal SINTA 1

The Dominance of CRF01_AE and the Emergence of Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, HIV-1-infected Individuals in Medan, Indonesia

ACTA MEDICA INDONESIANA · Vol. 52 No. 4 (2020)

ISSN: 2338-2732, 0125-9326
Terbit: 2020-12-28
Penerbit: The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine
Bahasa: eng

Abstrak

Background: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a serious public health threat worldwide. Medan is one example of big cities in Indonesia with a high prevalence of HIV-1 infection; however, quite a limited study had conducted for detecting the circulation of HIV-1 subtypes in Medan. In addition, a serious factor that can implicate the treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals is the emergence of drug resistance mutations. Thus, the information on HIV-1 infection is important to improve the treatment for infected individuals. Methods: sixty-seven antiretroviral therapy-experienced, HIV-1-infected individuals were recruited for this study. HIV-1 pol genes encoding protease (PR genes) and reverse transcriptase (RT gene), as well as env and gag genes, were amplified from DNA derived from peripheral blood samples. HIV-1 subtyping was conducted to study the dominant HIV-1 subtype circulating in the region. In addition, the emergence of drug resistance mutations was analyzed based on the guidelines published by the International Antiviral Society-United States of America (IAS-USA). Results: the dominant HIV-1 subtype found in Medan was CRF01_AE (77.6%). In addition, another subtype and recombinant viruses such as recombinants between CRF01_AE and subtype B (12.2%), subtype B (4.1%), and CRF02_AG (4.1%) were also found. Drug resistance-associated major mutations were found in 21.6% (8/37) of RT genes and 3.1% (1/32) of PR genes studied. Conclusion:our study showed that the dominant subtype found in ART-experienced, HIV-1-infected individuals residing in Medan was CRF01_AE. The emergence of drug resistance mutations in RT and PR genes indicated the importance to monitor the prevalence of drug resistance mutations among HIV-1-infected individuals in Medan.

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Rekan penulis	Organisasi	Artikel bersama
Ni Luh Ayu Megasari	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	9
Muhammad Qushai Yunifiar M	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	7
Tigor Yeheskiel	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	7
Meilani Meilani	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	7
Brian Eka Rachman	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	6
Devi Oktafiani	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	5
Elsa Fitriana	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	5
Soetjipto Soetjipto	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	5
M Vitanata Arfijanto	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	4
Usman Hadi	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	4
Wiwiek Indriyani Maskoep	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	2
Pauline Ciuputri	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	2
Fhahira Rizkhika Admadiani	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	2
Sarah Fitria Andini	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	2
Tri Pudi Asmarawati	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	2

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Metadata asli (oai_dc)

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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Dominance of CRF01_AE and the Emergence of Drug Resistance Mutations Among Antiretroviral Therapy-Experienced, HIV-1-infected Individuals in Medan, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Indriati, Dwi Wahyu</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Witaningrum, Adiana Mutamsari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Yunifiar, M Qushai</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khairunisa, Siti Qamariyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ueda, Shuhei</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kotaki, Tomohiro</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nasronudin, Nasronudin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kameoka, Masanori</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">HIV-1</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">CRF01_AE</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">antiretroviral therapy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">drug resistance</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Medan</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">infectious disease</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection is a serious public health threat worldwide. Medan is one example of big cities in Indonesia with a high prevalence of HIV-1 infection; however, quite a limited study had conducted for detecting the circulation of HIV-1 subtypes in Medan. In addition, a serious factor that can implicate the treatment of HIV-1-infected individuals is the emergence of drug resistance mutations. Thus, the information on HIV-1 infection is important to improve the treatment for infected individuals. Methods: sixty-seven antiretroviral therapy-experienced, HIV-1-infected individuals were recruited for this study. HIV-1 pol genes encoding protease (PR genes) and reverse transcriptase (RT gene), as well as env and gag genes, were amplified from DNA derived from peripheral blood samples. HIV-1 subtyping was conducted to study the dominant HIV-1 subtype circulating in the region. In addition, the emergence of drug resistance mutations was analyzed based on the guidelines published by the International Antiviral Society-United States of America (IAS-USA). Results: the dominant HIV-1 subtype found in Medan was CRF01_AE (77.6%). In addition, another subtype and recombinant viruses such as recombinants between CRF01_AE and subtype B (12.2%), subtype B (4.1%), and CRF02_AG (4.1%) were also found. Drug resistance-associated major mutations were found in 21.6% (8/37) of RT genes and 3.1% (1/32) of PR genes studied. Conclusion:our study showed that the dominant subtype found in ART-experienced, HIV-1-infected individuals residing in Medan was CRF01_AE. The emergence of drug resistance mutations in RT and PR genes indicated the importance to monitor the prevalence of drug resistance mutations among HIV-1-infected individuals in Medan. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2020-12-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">molecular epidemiology</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1429</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Acta Medica Indonesiana; Vol. 52 No. 4 (2020): Acta Medica Indonesiana; 366</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-2732</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0125-9326</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1429/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2020 Acta Medica Indonesiana</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>