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Risk factors and laboratory test results associated with severe illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review

ACTA MEDICA INDONESIANA · Vol. 52 No. 3 (2020)

ISSN
2338-2732, 0125-9326
Terbit
2020-10-04
Penerbit
The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

BackgroundWe aimed to systematically review all relevant studies related to the risk factors and laboratory test results associated with severe illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe utilised PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect and MedRxiv to search for studies, with additional hand-searched journals. We included systematic reviews/meta-analyses, cohort and case control studies of suspected and/or confirmed COVID-19 cases with severe illness and/or mortality as outcomes. We included laboratory test results and risk factors. We assessed risk of bias using ROBIS-I and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessment tool. Type of study, risk of bias, and precision of results determined evidence sufficiency.ResultsOf 26 records included, sufficient evidence suggested the association between age >60 years, hypertension, coronary heart disease, DM, serum LDH 250-500 U/L, LDH >500 U/L, and lymphopenia (lymphocyte count ≤1.0 x 109 /L) and severe illness of COVID-19. CD3+CD8+ cell count ≤ 75 cell/μl, D-dimer > 1 mg/L, AKI stage 2 and 3, proteinuria ≥1+, hematuria ≥1+, and peak serum creatinine > 13.26 μmol/L are associated with mortality.ConclusionAge >60 years, hypertension, DM, and coronary heart disease are the risk factors for severe illness of COVID-19. Laboratory test results associated with severe illness are serum LDH 250-500 U/L, LDH >500 U/L, and lymphopenia, whereas test results associated with mortality are CD3+CD8+ cell count ≤ 75 cell/μl, AKI stage 2 and 3, proteinuria ≥1+, hematuria ≥1+, D-dimer > 1 mg/L, peak serum creatinine > 13.26 μmol/L.

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  • University of Indonesia
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Rahmi IstantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui16
Muhammad Khifzhon AzwarAfiliasi tidak diketahui13
Noto DwimartutieAfiliasi tidak diketahui12
Hamzah ShatriAfiliasi tidak diketahui12
Rudi PutrantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui11
Cleopas Martin RumendeAfiliasi tidak diketahui11
Roza MulyanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui10
Evy YunihastutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui10
Rensa RensaAfiliasi tidak diketahui9
Ari Fahrial SyamAfiliasi tidak diketahui9
Idrus AlwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Imam SubektiAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Aulia RizkaAfiliasi tidak diketahui7
Nur RiviatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Ikhwan RinaldiAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Tirza Z TaminAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Muhammad YaminInstitut Agama Islam Negeri Bone5
Eka GinanjarAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Aida LydiaAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Eric Daniel TendaAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Dyah PurnamasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Iris RengganisAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Juferdy KurniawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Purwita W LaksmiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Rudy HidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Esthika DewiastyAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Simon SalimAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Cleopas M RumendeAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Em YunirUniversity of Indonesia3
Ika Prasetya WijayaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Pradana SoewondoAfiliasi tidak diketahui3

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Risk factors and laboratory test results associated with severe illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Setiati, Siti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Harimurti, Kuntjoro</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Safitri, Eka Dian</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ranakusuma, Respati W</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Saldi, Siti Rizny F</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Azwar, Muhammad K</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Marsigit, Jessica</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Pitoyo, Yupitri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Widyaningsih, Widyaningsih</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">COVID-19</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">severe illness</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">mortality</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">risk factor</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">laboratory test</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">BackgroundWe aimed to systematically review all relevant studies related to the risk factors and laboratory test results associated with severe illness and mortality in COVID-19 patients.MethodsWe utilised PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, Wiley Online Library, ScienceDirect and MedRxiv to search for studies, with additional hand-searched journals. We included systematic reviews/meta-analyses, cohort and case control studies of suspected and/or confirmed COVID-19 cases with severe illness and/or mortality as outcomes. We included laboratory test results and risk factors. We assessed risk of bias using ROBIS-I and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale assessment tool. Type of study, risk of bias, and precision of results determined evidence sufficiency.ResultsOf 26 records included, sufficient evidence suggested the association between age &amp;gt;60 years, hypertension, coronary heart disease, DM, serum LDH 250-500 U/L, LDH &amp;gt;500 U/L, and lymphopenia (lymphocyte count ≤1.0 x 109 /L) and severe illness of COVID-19. CD3+CD8+ cell count ≤ 75 cell/μl, D-dimer &amp;gt; 1 mg/L, AKI stage 2 and 3, proteinuria ≥1+, hematuria ≥1+, and peak serum creatinine &amp;gt; 13.26 μmol/L are associated with mortality.ConclusionAge &amp;gt;60 years, hypertension, DM, and coronary heart disease are the risk factors for severe illness of COVID-19. Laboratory test results associated with severe illness are serum LDH 250-500 U/L, LDH &amp;gt;500 U/L, and lymphopenia, whereas test results associated with mortality are CD3+CD8+ cell count ≤ 75 cell/μl, AKI stage 2 and 3, proteinuria ≥1+, hematuria ≥1+, D-dimer &amp;gt; 1 mg/L, peak serum creatinine &amp;gt; 13.26 μmol/L.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">The Indonesian Society of Internal Medicine</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2020-10-04</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1560</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Acta Medica Indonesiana; Vol. 52 No. 3 (2020): Acta Medica Indonesiana; 227</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2338-2732</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0125-9326</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>http://www.actamedindones.org/index.php/ijim/article/view/1560/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2020 Acta Medica Indonesiana</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>