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Association of Ultra Processed Food Consumption and Body Mass Index for Age among Elementary Students in Surabaya

Amerta Nutrition · Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022) · hlm. 140–147

DOI
10.20473/amnt.v6i2.2022.140-147
ISSN
2580-9776, 2580-1163
Terbit
2022-06-06
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Background: Childhood obesity became a major nutritional problem in the last decades and growing rapidly in many countries, including Indonesia. Processed food especially ultra-processed food (UPF) as part of NOVA classification had known to contain obesogenic nutrients which were high energy-dense, fatty, sugary, and salty may lead to higher body mass index-for-age (BAZ). Objective: The study aimed to assess the correlation between UPF and BAZ among school-age children 10-12 years old in Surabaya. Methods: A cross-sectional study and data collection were conducted in three public and private schools in Surabaya, East Java Indonesia from March-April 2020. Elementary students in the 4th and 5th grades were enrolled and 136 students were randomly selected as respondents. Weight and height measurements were obtained for calculating the BAZ, and UPF consumption was obtained by food frequency questionnaire. Structured questionnaires and physical activity questionnaires for children (PAQ-C) were used to assess socio-demographic status, physical activity level, energy intake, and sedentary screen time. ANOVA test was done for bivariate analysis and linear regression for multivariate analysis, all data analyzed used SPSS version 20. Results: The result found a mean of BAZ was 0.31 SD; 35.3% of respondents were in the 1st tercile of UPF consumption. Most of the respondents had inadequate TEI and low PAL. No significant association was found between UPF consumption and BAZ (p=0.217). Only physical activity that significant in multivariate analysis (p=0.032) Conclusion: It was necessary to distinguish the type of obesogenic and non-obesogenic UPF to get a clear correlation between UPF consumption and BAZ among school-age children.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka
  • University of Indonesia
  • SEAMEO Regional Center for Food and Nutrition
  • State University of Medan
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Garis lebih tebal = lebih banyak artikel bersama · lingkaran lebih besar = lebih banyak artikel
Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Luh Ade Ari WiradnyaniRumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo2
Nurulita Aida RahmasariRumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo2
Triska Susila NindyaUniversitas Airlangga1
Nila Reswari HaryanaState University of Medan1
Dominikus Raditya AtmakaUniversitas Airlangga1
Mahmud Aditya RifqiUniversitas Airlangga1
Qonita RachmahUniversitas Airlangga1
Stefania Widya SetyaningtyasUniversitas Airlangga1
Rian DianaUniversitas Airlangga1
Fatqiatul WulandariUniversitas Airlangga1
Nandia Firsty DhortaUniversitas Airlangga1
Lailatul FitriaUniversitas Airlangga1
Tiara Tivany SimangunsongUniversitas Airlangga1
Aliffah Nurria NastitiUniversitas Airlangga1
Asri Meidyah AgustinUniversitas Airlangga1
Judhiastuty FebruhartantyUniversity of Indonesia1
Vina Hasna ArifaRumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo1
Airin RoshitaUniversity of Indonesia1
Endang Laksmining AchadiUniversity of Indonesia1
Dwiana OcviyantiRumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo1
Hesti LestariUniversitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka1
Hurip NuryanaUniversitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka1
Emma RachmawatiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka1
Devi Annisa MulyawatiUniversitas Muhammadiyah Prof Dr Hamka1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Association of Ultra Processed Food Consumption and Body Mass Index for Age among Elementary Students in Surabaya </dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Pratiwi, Azizah Ajeng</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Chandra, Dian Novita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khusun, Helda</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Ultra-processed Food</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">School-age Children</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Overweight-Obesity</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Childhood obesity became a major nutritional problem in the last decades and growing rapidly in many countries, including Indonesia. Processed food especially ultra-processed food (UPF) as part of NOVA classification had known to contain obesogenic nutrients which were high energy-dense, fatty, sugary, and salty may lead to higher body mass index-for-age (BAZ).
Objective: The study aimed to assess the correlation between UPF and BAZ among school-age children 10-12 years old in Surabaya.
Methods: A cross-sectional study and data collection were conducted in three public and private schools in Surabaya, East Java Indonesia from March-April 2020. Elementary students in the 4th and 5th grades were enrolled and 136 students were randomly selected as respondents. Weight and height measurements were obtained for calculating the BAZ, and UPF consumption was obtained by food frequency questionnaire. Structured questionnaires and physical activity questionnaires for children (PAQ-C) were used to assess socio-demographic status, physical activity level, energy intake, and sedentary screen time. ANOVA test was done for bivariate analysis and linear regression for multivariate analysis, all data analyzed used SPSS version 20.
Results: The result found a mean of BAZ was 0.31 SD; 35.3% of respondents were in the 1st tercile of UPF consumption. Most of the respondents had inadequate TEI and low PAL. No significant association was found between UPF consumption and BAZ (p=0.217). Only physical activity that significant in multivariate analysis (p=0.032)
Conclusion: It was necessary to distinguish the type of obesogenic and non-obesogenic UPF to get a clear correlation between UPF consumption and BAZ among school-age children.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2022-06-06</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/24911</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/amnt.v6i2.2022.140-147</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Amerta Nutrition; Vol. 6 No. 2 (2022): AMERTA NUTRITION; 140-147</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-9776</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2580-1163</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/AMNT/article/view/24911/17099</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2022 Amerta Nutrition</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>