Fortification of Eucheuma cottonii Flour in Vaname Shrimp Nugget as a Source of Iodine: Fortifikasi Tepung Eucheuma cottonii pada Nugget Udang Vaname sebagai Sumber Yodium

Abstrak

Inggris

Background: Humans require iodine as a micronutrient; a deficit in this mineral lowers IQ. Seaweed (E. cottonii) is a non-salt source of iodine. You can add E. cottonii flour to food items like nuggets. Aside from that, Vanname Shrimp are a high-protein fishery product that can be utilized as a base for nuggets. Therefore, to prevent iodine deficit, Vanname Shrimp nuggets supplemented with E. cottonii flour can be developed as a substitute food. Objectives: Fortification of E. cottonii flour in making Vanname Shrimp nuggets as an effort to increase the iodine content. Methods: Three replications of a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) were used in the study. The fisheries products laboratory at Brawijaya University's Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences (FPIK) was the site of the research. There were four additions of E. cottonii flour: 0%, 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5%. Iodine content is the parameter for chemical testing; elasticity is the parameter for physical testing; and color, scent, taste, and texture are the criteria for organoleptic testing (the hedonic approach for determining the optimal treatment utilizing the de Garmo and proximal testing). Results: The study found that adding different quantities of E. cottonii flour fortification significantly altered the iodine content and flexibility of Vanname Shrimp nuggets. E. cottonii flour is optimally fortified at a level of 7.5% treatment, with iodine content of 6.17 mcg/g, elasticity of 6.65 N, carbohydrate content of 77.04%, protein content of 7.78%, fat content of 3.67%, water content of 9.85%, and ash content of 1.66%. Conclusions: In order to prevent and treat iodine deficiency, the Vanname Shrimp nugget product fortified with E. cottonii flour should be further developed as a food option.

Bahasa Indonesia

Latar Belakang: Yodium merupakan zat gizi mikro esensial bagi manusia. Defisiensi yodium mengakibatkan penurunan kecerdasan. Sumber yodium selain garam bersumber dari rumput laut E. cottonii. Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dapat dilakukan pada produk pangan, seperti nuget. Selain itu, hasil perikanan yang tinggi kandungan protein yang dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan baku nuget yakni Udang Vaname. Pengembangan nuget Udang Vaname difortifikasi tepung E. cottonii belum banyak dilakukan, sehingga perlu adanya pengembangan nuget Udang Vaname fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii sebagai pangan alternatif untuk mencegah defisiensi yodium. Tujuan: Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dalam pembuatan nuget Udang Vaname sebagai upaya peningkatan kandungan yodium. Metode: Rancangan penelitian berupa Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) non-faktorial dengan 3 ulangan. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium hasil perikanan Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan (FPIK) Universitas Brawijaya. Jumlah kadar fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii yakni 0%; 7,5%; 10%; dan 12,5%. Parameter pengujian kimia yaitu kadar yodium, pengujian fisik yaitu kekenyalan, dan pengujian organoleptik metode hedonik warna, aroma, rasa, dan tekstur. Penentuan perlakuan terbaik dengan metode de Garmo dan dilakukan pengujian proksimat. Hasil: Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dalam variasi kadar berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar yodium dan kekenyalan nuget Udang Vaname. Fortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dengan kadar terbaik yaitu 7,5% dengan kadar yodium 6,17 mcg/g; kekenyalan 6,65 N; karbohidrat 77,04%; protein 7,78%; lemak 3,67%; air 9,85%; dan abu 1,66%. Kesimpulan: Produk nuget Udang Vaname terfortifikasi tepung E. cottonii dapat menjadi salah satu bentuk produk diversifikasi dan perlu pengembangan lebih lanjut menjadi alternatif pangan untuk mencegah serta mengatasi defisiensi yodium.

Kata kunci

• E. cottonii
• Fortifikasi
• Yodium
• Nuget
• Udang Vaname
• Fortification
• Iodine
• Nugget
• Vanname Shrimp