The Effect of Flexitarian Diet on Waist Circumference and Sagittal Abdominal Diameter in Obese Female Students: Pengaruh Diet Flexitarian terhadap Lingkar Pinggang dan Diameter Sagital Abdominal pada Mahasiswi Obesitas

Abstrak

Inggris

Background: Central obesity causes various diseases. Abdominal fat is associated with metabolic disturbances. Dietary interventions targeting abdominal fat are reported to have health benefits. A plant-based diet is known to be beneficial in reducing abdominal fat. Objectives: This study aims to see the effect of a flexitarian diet on abdominal fat through waist circumference and SAD. Methods: This research used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post-test control group design. The research sample size was 21 obese female students aged 19-25 in Semarang. Subjects were selected using the consecutive sampling method and divided into treatment groups (11 subjects) and control groups (10 subjects). The four-week flexitarian diet treatment group included three main meals and two snacks, while the control group was not given any dietary intervention. However, both groups (all subjects) were given nutrition and obesity education through lectures and leaflets. Anthropometric data on body weight, waist circumference, and SAD were taken before and after the intervention. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test, independent T-test, Mann Whitney, and ANCOVA. Results: Intakes between groups during the intervention showed statistical energy, fat, and fibre differences. SAD between the treatment group (-1.2±0.6cm) and the control group (0.2±1.5cm) showed a significant difference (p=0.010). There was no significant difference in waist circumference between the groups, but the decrease in the treatment group was more significant (-6.6±5.5cm). Physical activity did not affect changes in SAD (p=0.210), while diet treatment affected changes in SAD (p=0.010). Conclusions: Changes in SAD showed a significant difference between groups after intervention. Changes in waist circumference were insignificant between groups, but the decrease was more significant in the treatment group.

Bahasa Indonesia

Latar Belakang: Obesitas sentral menyebabkan berbagai penyakit. Lemak perut dikaitkan dengan gangguan metabolisme. Intervensi diet yang menargetkan lemak perut dilaporkan memiliki manfaat kesehatan. Pola makan nabati diketahui bermanfaat dalam mengurangi lemak perut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh diet flexitarian terhadap lemak perut melalui lingkar pinggang dan diameter sagital perut (SAD). Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan quasi eksperimen dengan desain pre-post test control group design. Jumlah subjek penelitian adalah 21 siswi obesitas berusia 19-25 tahun di Semarang. Subyek dipilih dengan menggunakan metode consecutive sampling dan dibagi menjadi kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberikan edukasi dan diet fleksibel selama 4 minggu, sedangkan kelompok kontrol diberikan edukasi. Data antropometri diambil sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji-t berpasangan, uji-t independen, Mann Whitney, dan ANCOVA. Hasil: Asupan antar kelompok selama intervensi yang menunjukkan perbedaan statistik adalah energi, lemak, dan serat. SAD antara kelompok perlakuan (-1,2±0,6cm) dan kelompok kontrol (0,2±1,5cm) menunjukkan perbedaan yang bermakna (p=0,010). Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna lingkar pinggang antar kelompok, namun penurunan pada kelompok perlakuan lebih besar (-6,6±5,5cm). Aktivitas fisik tidak mempengaruhi perubahan SAD (p=0,210), sedangkan perlakuan diet mempengaruhi perubahan SAD (p=0,010). Kesimpulan: Perubahan SAD menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan antara kelompok setelah intervensi. Perubahan lingkar pinggang tidak signifikan antar kelompok, namun penurunan lebih besar pada kelompok perlakuan.

Kata kunci

• Diet Flexitarian
• kegemukan
• sagittal abdominal diameter (SAD)
• Lingkar Pinggang
• Flexitarian Diet
• Obesity
• Sagittal Abdominal Diameter
• Waist Circumference