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Selectivity of the New Catalyst ZnO-MCM-48-CaO in Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil

Automotive Experiences · Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022) · hlm. 217–229

DOI
10.31603/ae.6711
ISSN
2615-6636, 2615-6202
Terbit
2022-04-18
Penerbit
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
Bahasa
en

Abstrak

The synthesis of MCM-48 containing surfactants (CTAB and Triton X-100), ZnO, and CaO aimed to find a potential heterogeneous catalyst in the esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum oil to biodiesel. This research is important in the production of biodiesel from vegetable oils with more than 2% free fatty acids (FFA), such as Calophyllum inophyllum oil using heterogeneous catalysts. Synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts, MCM-48 and ZnO-MCM-48-CaO (ZMC), using the hydrothermal method at various calcination temperatures was conducted to find the optimum calcination temperature for the reaction. The activity of the catalyst in the reaction was determined using acid-base titration methods and GC-MS. The MCM-48 catalyst calcined at 650 °C (MCM-48/650) had a catalytic activity of 35.74% and was selective for converting linoleic acid in Calophyllum inophyllum oil to biodiesel. In addition, this catalyst was also capable of cracking the compounds contained in Calophyllum inophyllum oil into suitable hydrocarbons for biodiesel. In the esterification of vegetable oils, four heterogeneous catalysts (MCM-48/550, ZMC/550, ZMC/650, and ZMC/750) had the potential to replace conventional catalysts (H2SO4), particularly in the generation of biodiesel from Calophyllum inophyllum oil.

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  • Hasanuddin University
  • University of Bengkulu
  • Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi
  • Universitas Bumi Hijrah Tidore
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Adri AdriBadan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi8
Suharyon SuharyonBadan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi5
Yusafir HalaHasanuddin University5
St. FauziahHasanuddin University5
Nursiah La NafieAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Djabal Nur BasirHasanuddin University4
Hasnah NatsirHasanuddin University4
Rugaiyah A. ArfahHasanuddin University4
Syadza FirdausiahHasanuddin University3
Siti KhairunnurHasanuddin University3
Harningsih KarimAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Herlina RasyidHasanuddin University3
Indah RayaHasanuddin University3
Alfian NoorHasanuddin University2
Prastawa BudiHasanuddin University2
Nur Imdah MinsyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Syafri EdiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Abdul Wahid WahabAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Nur Umriani PermatasariHasanuddin University2
Bulkis MusaHasanuddin University2
Saefuddin .Afiliasi tidak diketahui1
Tjodi HarlimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ahmad ZainiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
ZarlinaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nur HaedarHasanuddin University1
Prayiska Mariana RapiHasanuddin University1
Nur AfniUniversitas Muhammadiyah Palu1
Emmi AstutiHasanuddin University1
Novi LestariHasanuddin University1
Nurmala SariHasanuddin University1
Wina Ayu LestariUniversity of Bengkulu1
Raditya Janaloka NatishareviUniversity of Bengkulu1
José RizalUniversity of Bengkulu1
Pepi NoviantiUniversity of Bengkulu1
Abdul Wahid WahabAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://journal.unimma.ac.id/index.php/AutomotiveExperiences/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Selectivity of the New Catalyst ZnO-MCM-48-CaO in Esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum Oil</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Kolo, La</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Firdaus, Firdaus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Taba, Paulina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Zakir, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Soekamto, Nunuk Hariani</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Free fatty acid</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Heterogeneous catalyst</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Mesoporous silica</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Brønsted acid</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Silanol</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The synthesis of MCM-48 containing surfactants (CTAB and Triton X-100), ZnO, and CaO aimed to find a potential heterogeneous catalyst in the esterification of Calophyllum inophyllum oil to biodiesel. This research is important in the production of biodiesel from vegetable oils with more than 2% free fatty acids (FFA), such as Calophyllum inophyllum oil using heterogeneous catalysts. Synthesis of heterogeneous catalysts, MCM-48 and ZnO-MCM-48-CaO (ZMC), using the hydrothermal method at various calcination temperatures was conducted to find the optimum calcination temperature for the reaction. The activity of the catalyst in the reaction was determined using acid-base titration methods and GC-MS. The MCM-48 catalyst calcined at 650 °C (MCM-48/650) had a catalytic activity of 35.74% and was selective for converting linoleic acid in Calophyllum inophyllum oil to biodiesel. In addition, this catalyst was also capable of cracking the compounds contained in Calophyllum inophyllum oil into suitable hydrocarbons for biodiesel. In the esterification of vegetable oils, four heterogeneous catalysts (MCM-48/550, ZMC/550, ZMC/650, and ZMC/750) had the potential to replace conventional catalysts (H2SO4), particularly in the generation of biodiesel from Calophyllum inophyllum oil.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2022-04-18</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unimma.ac.id/AutomotiveExperiences/article/view/6711</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.31603/ae.6711</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Automotive Experiences; Vol. 5 No. 2 (2022); 217-229</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-6636</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-6202</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unimma.ac.id/AutomotiveExperiences/article/view/6711/3247</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2022 La Kolo, Firdaus Firdaus, Paulina Taba, Muhammad Zakir, Nunuk Hariani Soekamto</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>