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Enhancing the Fuel Characteristics and Engine Performance of Mixed Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Oil through Directed Fractionation for Spark-Ignition Engines

Automotive Experiences · Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026)

DOI
10.31603/ae.17076
ISSN
2615-6636, 2615-6202
Terbit
2026-09-16
Penerbit
Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

The global plastic waste crisis and the volatility of fossil fuel supplies necessitate sustainable alternative energy solutions. This study investigates the enhancement of mixed plastic waste pyrolysis oil through directed fractionation to produce a high-quality fuel for spark-ignition engines. A plastic waste mixture (25% PE, 25% PP, 25% PET, and 25% PS) was pyrolyzed at 350°C to produce Crude oil (CR), which was further refined into a Gasoline Fraction (GF) via distillation (50–200°C). Fuel samples were tested in their pure form and as blends with RON 90 petrol (10%, 30%, and 50% by volume). FTIR analysis confirmed that fractionation effectively eliminated long-chain hydrocarbons (the "wax band" at 720 cm⁻¹) which typically hinder atomization and combustion. Results showed that GF density (0.767 g/ml) aligns with ASTM D4806 standards (0.715–0.780 g/ml), unlike the CR blend which exceeded these limits at higher concentrations. Engine performance tests indicated that while GF10 closely matched the torque and power of RON 90 petrol, the CR50 blend suffered a drastic performance drop due to low calorific value and a high risk of knocking (RON 67.5). This study concludes that directed fractionation is a vital, low-cost method for converting heterogeneous plastic waste into a viable automotive fuel.

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  • Institut Kesehatan Helvetia
  • Universitas Sumatera Utara
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Mohamad Yusof IdroasAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Dina AmperaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Zulkifl MatondangAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Nurin Wahidah Binti Mohd ZulkifliAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Mohamad Zamri ZainonAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Riduwan RiduwanAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Himsar AmbaritaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Tulus Burhanuddin SitorusAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Rimbawati RimbawatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Janter P. SimanjuntakAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sahala SiallaganAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Bonaraja PurbaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Mohd Kamal KamarulzamanAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Achmad RifaiInstitut Kesehatan Helvetia1
Dwi Enrica SukatnoInstitut Kesehatan Helvetia1
Sapitri JanuariyansahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Liana AtikaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Didik RohmantoroAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Abdi Hanra SebayangAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ahmad MasudieAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Tosawat SeetawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mohd Zamri ZainonAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Taufiq Bin NurUniversitas Sumatera Utara1
Enzo Wiranta Battra SiahaanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ilmi IlmiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Purwantono PurwantonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Binsar Maruli Tua PakpahanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Khaled Ali Al-attabAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://journal.unimma.ac.id/index.php/AutomotiveExperiences/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Enhancing the Fuel Characteristics and Engine Performance of Mixed Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Oil through Directed Fractionation for Spark-Ignition Engines</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Tambunan, Bisrul Hapis</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Gunawan, Safri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Daryanto, Eka</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Hasan, Hanafi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Simanjuntak, Janter Pangaduan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mohd Zulkifli, Nurin Wahidah</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Plastic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Pyrolysis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Fractionation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Performance</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Emissions</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">The global plastic waste crisis and the volatility of fossil fuel supplies necessitate sustainable alternative energy solutions. This study investigates the enhancement of mixed plastic waste pyrolysis oil through directed fractionation to produce a high-quality fuel for spark-ignition engines. A plastic waste mixture (25% PE, 25% PP, 25% PET, and 25% PS) was pyrolyzed at 350°C to produce Crude oil (CR), which was further refined into a Gasoline Fraction (GF) via distillation (50–200°C). Fuel samples were tested in their pure form and as blends with RON 90 petrol (10%, 30%, and 50% by volume). FTIR analysis confirmed that fractionation effectively eliminated long-chain hydrocarbons (the "wax band" at 720 cm⁻¹) which typically hinder atomization and combustion. Results showed that GF density (0.767 g/ml) aligns with ASTM D4806 standards (0.715–0.780 g/ml), unlike the CR blend which exceeded these limits at higher concentrations. Engine performance tests indicated that while GF10 closely matched the torque and power of RON 90 petrol, the CR50 blend suffered a drastic performance drop due to low calorific value and a high risk of knocking (RON 67.5). This study concludes that directed fractionation is a vital, low-cost method for converting heterogeneous plastic waste into a viable automotive fuel.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Muhammadiyah Magelang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-09-16</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unimma.ac.id/AutomotiveExperiences/article/view/17076</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.31603/ae.17076</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Automotive Experiences; Vol. 9 No. 3 (2026): Issue in Progress</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-6636</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2615-6202</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Bisrul Hapis Tambunan, Safri Gunawan, Eka Daryanto, Hanafi Hasan, Janter Pangaduan Simanjuntak, Nurin Wahidah Mohd Zulkifli</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>