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ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF YEAST, ACETIC ACID BACTERIA AND MANGOSTEEN RIND EXTRACT ON AFLATOXIGENIC Aspergillus flavus IN UNFERMENTED COCOA BEANS

BIOTROPIA · Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021) · hlm. 239–252

DOI
10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1362
ISSN
1907-770X, 0215-6334
Terbit
2021-12-27
Penerbit
SEAMEO BIOTROP
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0

Abstrak

Yeasts and bacteria are two of common biocontrol agents to control mycotoxigenic fungi, meanwhile the mangosteen rind exract has xanthone and gartanin compounds for antioxidant, antiproliferation, antiinflammation, antimicrobial, and anticancer. The objectives of this research are to test the effects of yeasts, acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and mangosteen rind extract on the aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin production in unfermented cocoa beans. Four yeast isolates, i.e. Issatchenkia orientalis (Io) BIO 211291, 286 and 288, and Endomyces fibuliger (Ef) BIO 132219; one bacteria isolate of Acetobacter aceti (Aa) FNCC0016; and mangosteen rind extract (MRE) were tested for their capabilities in inhibiting an aflatoxigenic A. flavus (Af) BIO 3361/747 growth using the well method (in vitro). Two yeast (Io BIO 211291 and 288) were combined with Aa and MRE in cocoa beans (in vivo). Aflatoxin production was analyzed using Thin Layer Chromathography (TLC). The result showed that interaction of Io BIO 211291 and 288, and Ef BIO 132219 on aflatoxigenic Af were interaction with inhibition zone ≥ 2 mm (type D), while the interaction type of Io BIO 211286 on Af were mutual intermingling growth, where both fungi grew into each other without any macroscopic sign of interaction (type A). The best treatment in agar media (in vitro) was Io BIO 211288 + Aa on Potato Dextrose Agar + 12 g/l MRE. The highest Io population was 5.88 log cfu/g on cocoa beans inoculated by Io BIO 211291 + MRE in 1 day after inoculation, while the highest A. aceti population was 4.74 log cfu/g on cocoa beans with Io BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + Aa in 3 days after inoculation. Two best treatments were Io BIO 211288 + Aa + MRE and Io BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + Aa + MRE, because there were no A. flavus population since 3 until 11 days after inoculation. Aflatoxin in all samples treatment was lower than limit detection B1 (< 2.20 ppb), B2 (< 3.50 ppb), (G1 < 0.54 ppb), dan (G2 < 1.00 ppb).

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  • IPB University
  • Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
  • University of Brawijaya
  • Bandung Institute of Technology
  • Universitas Syiah Kuala
  • Kobe University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Okky Setyawati DharmaputraSoutheast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology4
Ina RetnowatiSoutheast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology4
Santi AmbarwatiSoutheast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology3
Arief Andy SoebrotoUniversity of Brawijaya1
Imam CholissodinUniversity of Brawijaya1
Canny Amerilyse CaesarUniversity of Brawijaya1
Latifah HanumUniversitas Syiah Kuala1
Yohanes Aris PurwantoIPB University1
Diego Mauricio Cano-ReinosoIPB University1
I Wayan BudiastraIPB University1
Shinichiro KurokiKobe University1
Slamet WidodoIPB University1
Tati Suryati SyamsudinBandung Institute of Technology1
Bambang SunendarBandung Institute of Technology1
Eka Mulya AlamsyahBandung Institute of Technology1
Yus Isnainita WahyuAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Niken Prawesti ListyaningrumAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Cita Mahardika HariyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Widdy AstutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Soni HarsantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">ANTAGONISTIC EFFECT OF YEAST, ACETIC ACID BACTERIA AND MANGOSTEEN RIND EXTRACT ON AFLATOXIGENIC Aspergillus flavus IN UNFERMENTED COCOA BEANS</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Nurfadila, Nijma</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Sutrisno, Sutrisno</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ahmad, Usman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Samsudin, Samsudin</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">aflatoxin</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">antagonistic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Aspergillus flavus</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">mangosteen rind</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">yeast</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Yeasts and bacteria are two of common biocontrol agents to control mycotoxigenic fungi, meanwhile the mangosteen rind exract has xanthone and gartanin compounds for antioxidant, antiproliferation, antiinflammation, antimicrobial, and anticancer. The objectives of this research are to test the effects of yeasts, acetic acid bacteria (AAB), and mangosteen rind extract on the aflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus growth and aflatoxin production in unfermented cocoa beans. Four yeast isolates, i.e. Issatchenkia orientalis (Io) BIO 211291, 286 and 288, and Endomyces fibuliger (Ef) BIO 132219; one bacteria isolate of Acetobacter aceti (Aa) FNCC0016; and mangosteen rind extract (MRE) were tested for their capabilities in inhibiting an aflatoxigenic A. flavus (Af) BIO 3361/747 growth using the well method (in vitro). Two yeast (Io BIO 211291 and 288) were combined with Aa and MRE in cocoa beans (in vivo). Aflatoxin production was analyzed using Thin Layer Chromathography (TLC). The result showed that interaction of Io BIO 211291 and 288, and Ef BIO 132219 on aflatoxigenic Af were interaction with inhibition zone ≥ 2 mm (type D), while the interaction type of Io BIO 211286 on Af were mutual intermingling growth, where both fungi grew into each other without any macroscopic sign of interaction (type A). The best treatment in agar media (in vitro) was Io BIO 211288 + Aa on Potato Dextrose Agar + 12 g/l MRE. The highest Io population was 5.88 log cfu/g on cocoa beans inoculated by Io BIO 211291 + MRE in 1 day after inoculation, while the highest A. aceti population was 4.74 log cfu/g on cocoa beans with Io BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + Aa  in 3 days after inoculation. Two best treatments were Io BIO 211288 + Aa + MRE and Io BIO 211291 + BIO 211288 + Aa + MRE, because there were no A. flavus population since 3 until 11 days after inoculation. Aflatoxin in all samples treatment was lower than limit detection B1 (&amp;lt; 2.20 ppb),  B2 (&amp;lt; 3.50 ppb), (G1 &amp;lt; 0.54 ppb), dan (G2 &amp;lt; 1.00 ppb).
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">SEAMEO BIOTROP</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-12-27</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/1362</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.1362</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">BIOTROPIA; Vol. 28 No. 3 (2021): BIOTROPIA Vol. 28 No. 3 December 2021; 239 - 252</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1907-770X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0215-6334</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.11598/btb.2021.28.3.</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/1362/653</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2022 Nijma Nurfadila, Sutrisno -, Usman Ahmad, Samsudin -</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>