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Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite–Chitosan Composite from North Toraja Montmorillonite Mineral: Kinetic and Isotherm Study for Cu2+ Metal Ion Adsorption

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis · Vol. ume (2026) · hlm. 760–780

DOI
10.9767/bcrec.20730
ISSN
1978-2993
Terbit
2026-12-26
Penerbit
Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Natural montmorillonite from North Toraja, rich in silica and alumina, was employed as a precursor for synthesize cancrinite-type zeolite (CAN) through hydrothermal treatment at 170 °C for 24 h in 5 M NaOH solution. Zeolite, a porous aluminosilicate material widely applied in wastewater treatment, especially for heavy metal ion adsorption. To enhance adsorption performance, CAN was modified with chitosan through phase inversion, resulting in the formation of a zeolite–chitosan composite. Characterization using XRD, FTIR, SEM EDS, BET, and TGA DSC. XRD analyses revealed diffraction peaks at 2θ = 13.94°, 18.84°, 21.28°, 24.16°, 27.34°, 32.42°, 34.32°, 36.76°, and 42.46°. FTIR confirmed functional groups of CANat 678, 624, and 563 cm⁻¹ and chitosan at 2879 and 1643 cm⁻¹. SEM revealed a morphological change from sharp crystals to rough surface due to chitosan coating, while EDS identified the main elements of C, O, Na, Mg, Al, and Si. BET analysis indicated a surface area of 22.12 m²/g with pore diameter of approximately 28.48 nm. TGA-DSC indicated improved thermal stability, evidenced by a shift in degradation temperature attributed to strong zeolite-chitosan interaction. Adsorption studies for Cu²⁺ ions demonstrated optimum conditions at pH of 5 with a contact time of 150 min. Kinetic data followed a pseudo-second-order model, while equilibrium was best described by the Sips isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 360.65 mg/g. These findings confirm that CAN–Chitosan composite derived from North Toraja minerals are efficient and stable adsorbents for heavy metal removal, supporting sustainable wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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Seniwati DaliAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Ahyar AhmadAfiliasi tidak diketahui8
Nunuk Hariani SoekamtoAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Muhammad ZakirHasanuddin University6
Yusafir HalaAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Indah RayaAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Harningsih KarimAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Nursiah La NafieAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
La KoloAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Syaharuddin KasimAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Nur Umriani PermatasariHasanuddin University3
Firdaus FirdausAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Andi Muhammad AnsharHasanuddin University3
MamingAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Alfian NoorHasanuddin University2
Muawanah MuawanahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Abdul Wahid WahabAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Sartika DanialAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
ABDUL KARIMAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Maswati BaharuddinAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Saefuddin .Afiliasi tidak diketahui1
Tjodi HarlimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ahmad ZainiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
ZarlinaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Weka WidayatiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
La Ode Muh. MagribiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Makmur Jaya ArmaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
HS GusnawatyAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
La Ode Ahmad JazuliUniversitas Halu Oleo1
La Ndia La NdiaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ida UsmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Iradat SalihinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Synthesis and Characterization of Zeolite–Chitosan Composite from North Toraja Montmorillonite Mineral: Kinetic and Isotherm Study for Cu2+ Metal Ion Adsorption</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Matande, Jumianti Bunga</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Basir, Djabal Nur</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Taba, Paulina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fauziah, St.</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kasim, Syahruddin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Natsir, Hasnah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khairunnur, Siti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Risnawati, Risnawati</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Adsorption; Cancrinite-type zeolite (CAN); Cu2+ ; Montmorillonite ; Zeolite-Chitosan Composite</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Natural montmorillonite from North Toraja, rich in silica and alumina, was employed as a precursor for synthesize cancrinite-type zeolite (CAN) through hydrothermal treatment at 170 °C for 24 h in 5 M NaOH solution. Zeolite, a porous aluminosilicate material widely applied in wastewater treatment, especially for heavy metal ion adsorption. To enhance adsorption performance, CAN was modified with chitosan through phase inversion, resulting in the formation of a zeolite–chitosan composite. Characterization using XRD, FTIR, SEM EDS, BET, and TGA DSC. XRD analyses revealed diffraction peaks at 2θ = 13.94°, 18.84°, 21.28°, 24.16°, 27.34°, 32.42°, 34.32°, 36.76°, and 42.46°. FTIR confirmed functional groups of CANat 678, 624, and 563 cm⁻¹ and chitosan at 2879 and 1643 cm⁻¹. SEM revealed a morphological change from sharp crystals to rough surface due to chitosan coating, while EDS identified the main elements of C, O, Na, Mg, Al, and Si. BET analysis indicated a surface area of 22.12 m²/g with pore diameter of approximately 28.48 nm. TGA-DSC indicated improved thermal stability, evidenced by a shift in degradation temperature attributed to strong zeolite-chitosan interaction. Adsorption studies for Cu²⁺ ions demonstrated optimum conditions at pH of 5 with a contact time of 150 min. Kinetic data followed a pseudo-second-order model, while equilibrium was best described by the Sips isotherm, with a maximum adsorption capacity of 360.65 mg/g. These findings confirm that CAN–Chitosan composite derived from North Toraja minerals are efficient and stable adsorbents for heavy metal removal, supporting sustainable wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. Copyright © 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-12-26</dc:date>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/20730</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.9767/bcrec.20730</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis; 2026: BCREC Volume 21 Issue 4 Year 2026 (December 2026); 760-780</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-2993</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/20730/9990</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/20730/6382</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/20730/6383</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/20730/6384</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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