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Silicate Scaling Formation: Impact of pH in High-Temperature Reservoir and Its Characterization Study

Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis · Vol. ume (2022) · hlm. 661–682

DOI
10.9767/bcrec.17.3.15290.661-682
ISSN
1978-2993
Terbit
2022-09-30
Penerbit
Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Silicate scaling tends to form and be aggravated during high pH Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (ASP) floods and this silicate scale deposition affects oil production. Hence, it is important to examine the conditions that lead to silicate scale forming. The severity of the silicate scaling reaction, the type and morphology of silica/silicate scale formed in an experimental ASP flood were studied for pH values 5, 8.5, and 11, whilst the temperature was kept constant at 90 ℃. In addition, the impact of calcium ion was studied and spectroscopic analyses were used to identify the extent of scaling reaction, morphology type and the functional group present in the precipitates. This was performed using imagery of the generated precipitates. It was observed that the silica/silicate scale is most severe at the highest pH and Ca:Mg molar ratios examined. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide were observed to precipitate along with the silica and Mg-silicate/Ca-silicate scale at pH 11. The presence of calcium ions altered the morphology of the precipitates formed from amorphous to microcrystalline/crystalline. In conclusion, pH affects the type, morphology, and severity of the silica/silicate scale produced in the studied scaling system. The comprehensive and conclusive data showing how pH affects the silicate scaling reaction reported here are vital in providing the foundation to further investigate the management and prevention of this silicate scaling. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)

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  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Heriot-Watt University
  • Diponegoro University
  • International Islamic University Malaysia
  • King Abdulaziz University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Ratna Dewi KusumaningtyasState University of Semarang4
Fazlena HamzahUniversiti Teknologi MARA4
Dhoni HartantoState University of Semarang3
Haniif PrasetiawanState University of Semarang3
Miradatul Najwa Muhd RodhiUniversiti Teknologi MARA3
Nur Fatin Syafiqah Mohamad NorUniversiti Teknologi MARA2
Sarina SulaimanInternational Islamic University Malaysia2
Nurazreen Shazwin KamarudinUniversiti Teknologi MARA2
Nailah Fasihah SidekUniversiti Teknologi MARA2
Faisal AbnisaKing Abdulaziz University2
Noorhaliza AzizUniversiti Teknologi MARA2
Dinda Adelia FauziAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Catur Rini WidyastutiState University of Semarang1
Andri Cahyo KumoroDiponegoro University1
Muhammad Zarin Amin ZainalUniversiti Teknologi MARA1
Azianna GusniahUniversiti Teknologi MARA1
Sri Rizki Putri PrimandariUniversitas Negeri Padang1
Andril ArafatUniversitas Negeri Padang1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Silicate Scaling Formation: Impact of pH in High-Temperature Reservoir and Its Characterization Study</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Sazali, Rozana Azrina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sorbie, Kenneth Stuart</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Boak, lorraine Scott</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Al Badri, Nurshazwani Shuhada</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Veny, Harumi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ab Hamid, Farah Hanim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Zainal Abidin, Mohd Zaki</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Silicate scale; Alkaline Surfactant Polymer Flooding (ASP); Amorphous silica scale; Metal silicates; Scale Morphology Maximum</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Silicate scaling tends to form and be aggravated during high pH Alkaline Surfactant Polymer (ASP) floods and this silicate scale deposition affects oil production. Hence, it is important to examine the conditions that lead to silicate scale forming. The severity of the silicate scaling reaction, the type and morphology of silica/silicate scale formed in an experimental ASP flood were studied for pH values 5, 8.5, and 11, whilst the temperature was kept constant at 90 ℃. In addition, the impact of calcium ion was studied and spectroscopic analyses were used to identify the extent of scaling reaction, morphology type and the functional group present in the precipitates. This was performed using imagery of the generated precipitates. It was observed that the silica/silicate scale is most severe at the highest pH and Ca:Mg molar ratios examined. Magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide were observed to precipitate along with the silica and Mg-silicate/Ca-silicate scale at pH 11. The presence of calcium ions altered the morphology of the precipitates formed from amorphous to microcrystalline/crystalline. In conclusion, pH affects the type, morphology, and severity of the silica/silicate scale produced in the studied scaling system. The comprehensive and conclusive data showing how pH affects the silicate scaling reaction reported here are vital in providing the foundation to further investigate the management and prevention of this silicate scaling. Copyright © 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0)</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Masyarakat Katalis Indonesia - Indonesian Catalyst Society (MKICS)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2022-09-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/15290</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.9767/bcrec.17.3.15290.661-682</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering &amp; Catalysis; 2022: BCREC Volume 17 Issue 3 Year 2022 (September 2022); 661-682</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-2993</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/view/15290/8007</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/15290/3671</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/15290/3672</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.bcrec.id/index.php/bcrec/article/downloadSuppFile/15290/3673</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2022 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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