Developing a proficiency test of Academic English in the Indonesian higher education context

Didi Sukyadi; Hamied, Fuad Abdul; Damayanti, Ika; Danuwijaya, Ari Arifin; Hakim, Lukman; Asyifa, Firly

doi:10.21831/cp.v45i2.95780

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Developing a proficiency test of Academic English in the Indonesian higher education context

Cakrawala Pendidikan · Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026)

DOI: 10.21831/cp.v45i2.95780
ISSN: 2442-8620, 0216-1370
Terbit: 2026-06-08
Penerbit: LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta
Bahasa: eng
Lisensi: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Standardized tests remain crucial for students whose first language is not English in today’s globalized world, despite ongoing debates about their suitability. The purpose of this research is to develop an academic English proficiency test for higher education in Indonesia. The data were derived from a needs analysis conducted through focus group discussions (FGDs) and a pre-survey for the existing academic English proficiency test, followed by a test design process: creating a test blueprint and developing question items, and a second survey following a trial test with 538 test takers. The findings indicate that adjustments were required to the test format and duration, a basis for developing a new test format. Additionally, students reported a preference for computer-based tests. During the test design process, the research team revised the test, retained the test objectives, and modified the test item types. Lastly, post-test feedback and item analysis indicated an imbalance in item difficulty in the Structure and Written Expression section, while the Academic Listening and Academic Reading sections demonstrated relatively balanced difficulty levels. Overall, the findings of this research indicate a desire to revisit and refine the existing test to better meet students’ needs while maintaining its objectives.

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Indonesia University of Education
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Rekan penulis	Organisasi	Artikel bersama
Emi Emilia	Indonesia University of Education	1
Metty Agustine Primary	Indonesia University of Education	1
Geby Devtiana Maryono	Indonesia University of Education	1
Pupung Purnawarman	Indonesia University of Education	1
Isti Siti Saleha Gandana	Indonesia University of Education	1
Nina Wanda Cassandra	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Ahmad Bukhori Muslim	Afiliasi tidak diketahui	1
Yustika Nur Fajriah	Indonesia University of Education	1
Wawan Gunawan	Indonesia University of Education	1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.

Metadata asli (oai_dc)

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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Developing a proficiency test of Academic English in the Indonesian higher education context</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Didi Sukyadi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hamied, Fuad Abdul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Damayanti, Ika</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Danuwijaya, Ari Arifin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hakim, Lukman</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Asyifa, Firly</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Academic English</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">test development</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">English language testing</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">needs analysis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">higher education</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Standardized tests remain crucial for students whose first language is not English in today’s globalized world, despite ongoing debates about their suitability. The purpose of this research is to develop an academic English proficiency test for higher education in Indonesia. The data were derived from a needs analysis conducted through focus group discussions (FGDs) and a pre-survey for the existing academic English proficiency test, followed by a test design process: creating a test blueprint and developing question items, and a second survey following a trial test with 538 test takers. The findings indicate that adjustments were required to the test format and duration, a basis for developing a new test format. Additionally, students reported a preference for computer-based tests. During the test design process, the research team revised the test, retained the test objectives, and modified the test item types. Lastly, post-test feedback and item analysis indicated an imbalance in item difficulty in the Structure and Written Expression section, while the Academic Listening and Academic Reading sections demonstrated relatively balanced difficulty levels. Overall, the findings of this research indicate a desire to revisit and refine the existing test to better meet students’ needs while maintaining its objectives.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">LPMPP Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-08</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/article/view/95780</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21831/cp.v45i2.95780</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Cakrawala Pendidikan; Vol. 45 No. 2 (2026): Cakrawala Pendidikan (June 2026)</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2442-8620</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0216-1370</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.21831/cp.v45i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/cp/article/view/95780/25726</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Didi Sukyadi, Fuad Abdul Hamied, Ika Damayanti, Ari Arifin Danuwijaya, Lukman Hakim, Firly Asyifa</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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