Optimization of Plant Growth Regulators and Bioreactor Systems for Efficient In Vitro Shoot Multiplication and Elongation of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume

Jayanti, Nur Afni; Putri, Angelia Krisdanti Nasera; Manuhara, Yosephine Sri Wulan; Wibowo, Anjar Tri

doi:10.20961/carakatani.v40i4.103957

Akses terbuka Jurnal SINTA 1

Optimization of Plant Growth Regulators and Bioreactor Systems for Efficient In Vitro Shoot Multiplication and Elongation of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume

Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture · Vol. 40 No. 4 (2025) · hlm. 609–622

DOI: 10.20961/carakatani.v40i4.103957
ISSN: 2599-2570, 2613-9456
Terbit: 2025-10-25
Penerbit: Universitas Sebelas Maret
Bahasa: eng
Lisensi: creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume), an Indonesian endemic species rich in glucomannan, is widely utilized in food industries for its health benefits. However, its traditional vegetative propagation through bulbils produces limited plants, necessitating an efficient in vitro multiplication system. This study aimed to optimize plant growth regulator combinations and bioreactor systems for enhanced shoot induction and elongation of A. muelleri. During the initiation and induction stages, combinations of thidiazuron (TDZ) with benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1.00 mg l⁻¹ were applied to solid MS media and observed for 8 weeks. The combination of TDZ 0.50 mg l⁻¹ + BAP 1.00 mg l⁻¹ produced the fastest shoot induction (32.34±2.52 days), while TDZ 0.75 mg l⁻¹ + BAP 0.75 mg l⁻¹ resulted in the highest shoot number (76.33±22.81 shoots explant⁻¹) and 100% shoot formation. TDZ combined with kinetin had no significant effect on induction parameters. For elongation, shoots induced from TDZ 0.75 mg l⁻¹ + BAP 0.75 mg l⁻¹ medium were cultured in two bioreactor systems: a Temporary Immersion System (TIS) and a Balloon Type Bubble Bioreactor (BTBB). The BTBB significantly outperformed the TIS, yielding 85.2±3.35 shoots explant⁻¹ with an average shoot length of 5.67±1.13 mm after 4 weeks. These results indicate that the synergistic use of TDZ and BAP, combined with the BTBB system, substantially improves in vitro shoot multiplication and elongation of porang, providing a reliable approach for its large-scale propagation and conservation.

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.

Metadata asli (oai_dc)

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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Optimization of Plant Growth Regulators and Bioreactor Systems for Efficient In Vitro Shoot Multiplication and Elongation of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Jayanti, Nur Afni</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Putri, Angelia Krisdanti Nasera</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Manuhara, Yosephine Sri Wulan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Wibowo, Anjar Tri</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">agronomy; horticulture; plant breeding</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">bioreactor; conservation; cytokinin; mass propagation; shoot induction</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume), an Indonesian endemic species rich in glucomannan, is widely utilized in food industries for its health benefits. However, its traditional vegetative propagation through bulbils produces limited plants, necessitating an efficient in vitro multiplication system. This study aimed to optimize plant growth regulator combinations and bioreactor systems for enhanced shoot induction and elongation of A. muelleri. During the initiation and induction stages, combinations of thidiazuron (TDZ) with benzylaminopurine (BAP) or kinetin at concentrations ranging from 0 to 1.00 mg l⁻¹ were applied to solid MS media and observed for 8 weeks. The combination of TDZ 0.50 mg l⁻¹ + BAP 1.00 mg l⁻¹ produced the fastest shoot induction (32.34±2.52 days), while TDZ 0.75 mg l⁻¹ + BAP 0.75 mg l⁻¹ resulted in the highest shoot number (76.33±22.81 shoots explant⁻¹) and 100% shoot formation. TDZ combined with kinetin had no significant effect on induction parameters. For elongation, shoots induced from TDZ 0.75 mg l⁻¹ + BAP 0.75 mg l⁻¹ medium were cultured in two bioreactor systems: a Temporary Immersion System (TIS) and a Balloon Type Bubble Bioreactor (BTBB). The BTBB significantly outperformed the TIS, yielding 85.2±3.35 shoots explant⁻¹ with an average shoot length of 5.67±1.13 mm after 4 weeks. These results indicate that the synergistic use of TDZ and BAP, combined with the BTBB system, substantially improves in vitro shoot multiplication and elongation of porang, providing a reliable approach for its large-scale propagation and conservation.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Sebelas Maret</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga via Hibah Riset Penelitian Disertasi Doktor No. 1824/UN03.LPPM/PT.01.03/2025</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2025-10-25</dc:date>
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	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture; Vol 40, No 4 (2025): October; 609-622</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2599-2570</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2613-9456</dc:source>
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	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture</dc:rights>
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