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Performance of Multi-Canopy Rice Combinations Based on Tillering Capacity and Plant Architecture Across Seasons and Nitrogen Levels

Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture · Vol. 41 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 231–247

DOI
10.20961/carakatani.v41i2.108932
ISSN
2599-2570, 2613-9456
Terbit
2026-04-29
Penerbit
Universitas Sebelas Maret
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

The growing challenge of ensuring global food security encourages innovative approaches to rice cultivation. One novel innovation is the multi-canopy cropping system, involving planting 2 rice genotypes with different plant heights at close spacing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the tillering capacity of tall rice genotypes and the plant architecture of short genotypes on yield and agronomic traits in a multi-canopy system under different environmental conditions. The genetic materials were 24 combinations of multi-canopy rice genotypes belonging to 3 groups, namely T1-S1, T2-S2, and T3-S3, each consisting of 8 combinations. The T1, T2, T3 groups are the tall genotypes with different tillering ability, namely low, medium, and high; whereas the S1, S2, S3 groups are the short genotypes with different plant architecture, namely green revolution type, dwarf type, and stay green. These combinations were evaluated with 4 checks in 4 environments, i.e., 2 planting seasons and 2 nitrogen treatments. The combined analysis involving 3 factors (genotype combination, nitrogen, and season) was performed. The grain yield of all multi-canopy combinations was significantly higher than that of the check varieties in monoculture. Group T3-S3 had a significantly higher average total number of grains than the other groups. Selection based on Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) at 20% pressure produced the desired selection differential for all selection traits. Four selected lines belonged to the T3-S3 group. The interaction between genotype combination and nitrogen fertilizer was significant for the number of total and productive tillers. This study provides insight for identifying suitable combinations of the tall and short genotypes in breeding multi-canopy rice varieties.

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  • IPB University
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Muhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta
  • Universiti Malaysia Terengganu
  • Yamaguchi University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Sintho Wahyuning ArdieIPB University8
Munif GhulamahdiIPB University3
Bambang Sapta PurwokoIPB University2
Iswari Saraswati DewiNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Wage Ratna RohaeniIndonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development2
Untung SusantoIndonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development2
TRIKOESOEMANINGTYAS TRIKOESOEMANINGTYASIPB University2
Syaifullah RahimIPB University2
Indrastuti Apri RumantiNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Trias SitaresmiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Yudhistira NugrahaNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Suwarno SuwarnoUniversitas Airlangga1
Siti NurhidayahIPB University1
Iskandar LubisIPB University1
Siti YuriyahNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Hayu Widi YuanaIPB University1
Cucu GunarsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Budi Indra SetiawanIPB University1
RudiyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Chusnul ArifIPB University1
Satyanto Krido SaptomoIPB University1
Muhamad AskariMuhammadiyah University of Yogyakarta1
AdlanIPB University1
RusiantoUniversiti Malaysia Terengganu1
Koremasa TamuraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hiroshi MatsudaYamaguchi University1
SuwarnoDiponegoro University1
Didy SopandieIPB University1
TRIKOESOEMANINGTYASIPB University1
Angelita Puji LestariIPB University1
Sri RatnawatiIPB University1
Yuli Irvana DewiIPB University1
Ramadaniarto RizqullahIPB University1
Rika Miftakhul JannahIPB University1
Rizki Bagus NugrohoIPB University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Performance of Multi-Canopy Rice Combinations Based on Tillering Capacity and Plant Architecture Across Seasons and Nitrogen Levels</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Arofah, Dwi Arizna</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Suwarno, Willy Bayuardi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nafila, Natasya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Junaedi, Ahmad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Aswidinnoor, Hajrial</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">plant breeding; agronomy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">crop genetics; cropping systems; genotype and environment interaction; new plant type rice; plant genetic resources</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The growing challenge of ensuring global food security encourages innovative approaches to rice cultivation. One novel innovation is the multi-canopy cropping system, involving planting 2 rice genotypes with different plant heights at close spacing. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the tillering capacity of tall rice genotypes and the plant architecture of short genotypes on yield and agronomic traits in a multi-canopy system under different environmental conditions. The genetic materials were 24 combinations of multi-canopy rice genotypes belonging to 3 groups, namely T1-S1, T2-S2, and T3-S3, each consisting of 8 combinations. The T1, T2, T3 groups are the tall genotypes with different tillering ability, namely low, medium, and high; whereas the S1, S2, S3 groups are the short genotypes with different plant architecture, namely green revolution type, dwarf type, and stay green. These combinations were evaluated with 4 checks in 4 environments, i.e., 2 planting seasons and 2 nitrogen treatments. The combined analysis involving 3 factors (genotype combination, nitrogen, and season) was performed. The grain yield of all multi-canopy combinations was significantly higher than that of the check varieties in monoculture. Group T3-S3 had a significantly higher average total number of grains than the other groups. Selection based on Multi-trait Genotype-Ideotype Distance Index (MGIDI) at 20% pressure produced the desired selection differential for all selection traits. Four selected lines belonged to the T3-S3 group. The interaction between genotype combination and nitrogen fertilizer was significant for the number of total and productive tillers. This study provides insight for identifying suitable combinations of the tall and short genotypes in breeding multi-canopy rice varieties.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Sebelas Maret</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Endowment Fund for Education (LPDP), National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), and LPDP of the Republic of Indonesia through the RIIM Batch III 2023 program (Grant No. 4/IV/KS/05/2023 and 13955/IT3/PT.01.03/P/B/2023)</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2026-04-29</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/view/108932</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20961/carakatani.v41i2.108932</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture; Vol 41, No 2 (2026): April; 231-247</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2599-2570</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2613-9456</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/view/108932/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/downloadSuppFile/108932/23859</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/downloadSuppFile/108932/26034</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.uns.ac.id/carakatani/article/downloadSuppFile/108932/26035</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Caraka Tani: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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