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The Effect of Ultrasonication on the Quality of Keratin Extraction Based on Ionic Liquid from Duck Feather

Communications in Science and Technology · Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025) · hlm. 267–275

DOI
10.21924/cst.10.2.2025.1785
ISSN
2502-9266, 2502-9258
Terbit
2025-12-31
Penerbit
Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

This study investigates the effect of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and solvent extraction (SE) on keratin recovery from duck feathers using sodium sulfide-based ionic liquids under different pH conditions. The results showed that SE at acidic pH (pH=3) achieved the highest yield (92%), whereas UAE showed lower recovery (28%) under mildly acidic conditions (pH=5). Spectroscopic and electrophoretic analyses using FTIR confirmed the β-sheet structure with characteristic peaks at 3400 cm−1 (O–H and N–H stretching) and 1660 cm−1 (C=O stretching). Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis analysis (SDS-PAGE) revealed protein bands in the 15–25 kDa range, typical of β-keratin, with higher intensity in SE. Morphological analysis using SEM revealed finer and more homogeneous particles for UAE, while SE produced denser aggregates. Thermal analysis revealed two main degradation stages, occurring at 0–100 °C and 250–500 °C, with UAE samples exhibiting lower residual mass (5.46%) than SE (8.65%). Particle size analysis showed UAE samples had larger but more uniformly distributed particles. XRD results confirmed semi-crystalline structures, with UAE increasing amorphous content and SE maintaining crystallinity. These findings highlight the complementary advantages for tailoring keratin properties toward diverse applications.

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Supari MuslimAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Nafisatus ZakiyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
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Ahmad Naufal Al HafidlAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Muchamad Sabilah HanafiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
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Maria Monica SianitaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://cst.kipmi.or.id/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Effect of Ultrasonication on the Quality of Keratin Extraction Based on Ionic Liquid from Duck Feather</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Perdana, Senja Salzanabila Putri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kusumawati, Nita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Basukiwardojo, Maria Monica Sianita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Setiarso, Pirim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Djalilah, Gina Noor</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rahmawati, Khofifatul</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">keratin extraction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">duck feather</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">solvent extraction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">ultrasonic-assisted extraction</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">pH variation</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This study investigates the effect of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and solvent extraction (SE) on keratin recovery from duck feathers using sodium sulfide-based ionic liquids under different pH conditions. The results showed that SE at acidic pH (pH=3) achieved the highest yield (92%), whereas UAE showed lower recovery (28%) under mildly acidic conditions (pH=5). Spectroscopic and electrophoretic analyses using FTIR confirmed the β-sheet structure with characteristic peaks at 3400 cm−1 (O–H and N–H stretching) and 1660 cm−1 (C=O stretching). Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis analysis (SDS-PAGE) revealed protein bands in the 15–25 kDa range, typical of β-keratin, with higher intensity in SE. Morphological analysis using SEM revealed finer and more homogeneous particles for UAE, while SE produced denser aggregates. Thermal analysis revealed two main degradation stages, occurring at 0–100 °C and 250–500 °C, with UAE samples exhibiting lower residual mass (5.46%) than SE (8.65%). Particle size analysis showed UAE samples had larger but more uniformly distributed particles. XRD results confirmed semi-crystalline structures, with UAE increasing amorphous content and SE maintaining crystallinity. These findings highlight the complementary advantages for tailoring keratin properties toward diverse applications.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Komunitas Ilmuwan dan Profesional Muslim Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-12-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://cst.kipmi.or.id/journal/article/view/1785</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21924/cst.10.2.2025.1785</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Communications in Science and Technology; Vol. 10 No. 2 (2025); 267-275</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id-ID">Communications in Science and Technology; Vol 10 No 2 (2025); 267-275</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-9266</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-9258</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.21924/cst.10.2.2025</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://cst.kipmi.or.id/journal/article/view/1785/232</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Communications in Science and Technology</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>