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Inhibitory effect of calcium hydroxide combined with Nigella sativa against Enterococcus faecalis

Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) · Vol. 54 No. 4 (2021) · hlm. 181–185

DOI
10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i4.p181-185
ISSN
2442-9740, 1978-3728
Terbit
2021-10-18
Penerbit
Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Background: Calcium hydroxide is the gold standard medicament for root canal treatment. Enterococcus faecalis, the primary cause of intraradicular persistent endodontic infection, is often identified even after endodontic treatment. Thymoquinone, an active ingredient of Nigella sativa, has an antimicrobial effect on both gram-negative and positive bacteria, including E. faecalis. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of calcium hydroxide combined with Nigella sativa extract and determine the best ratio for the combined material. Methods: This is an experimental study comprised of six groups (n = 4 per group) based on the material and its ratio, namely; (1) calcium hydroxide; (2) Nigella sativa extract; and groups of the combination of calcium hydroxide and Nigella sativa extract with a ratio (3) 70:30, (4) 50:50, (5) 30:70, (6) 10:90. The inhibitory effect against E. faecalis was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method in Muller–Hinton agar. Observation of the inhibitory zone was performed on the first, third, and seventh days. The collected data were analysed by a one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test. Results: Calcium hydroxide has the highest inhibitory effect, and the combination of Nigella sativa extract with calcium hydroxide ratio 50:50 was second. The inhibitory zone of these two groups was significantly higher than in any other group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Nigella sativa extract combine with calcium hydroxide did not enhance calcium hydroxide's antimicrobial property against E. faecalis. An equal amount of Nigella sativa and calcium hydroxide is the best combination ratio, with a stable effect for up to seven days.

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  • Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember
  • Universitas Hang Tuah
  • Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani
  • Institut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata
  • Universitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum Jombang
  • Padjadjaran University
  • Universitas Negeri Surabaya
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Adi Setyo PurnomoInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember4
Taslim ErsamInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember2
Atmira SariwatiInstitut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata2
Widyasri PrananingrumUniversitas Hang Tuah1
Sularsih SularsihUniversitas Hang Tuah1
Fitria RahmitasariUniversitas Hang Tuah1
Grace Caroline SetiawanUniversitas Hang Tuah1
Vindya Meinda PutriUniversitas Hang Tuah1
Baiq Nadia Risna WahyuningUniversitas Hang Tuah1
Nurina Rizka RamadhaniaUniversitas Negeri Surabaya1
Pieter KakisinaUniversitas Pattimura1
Mardi SantosoInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Healthy KainamaInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Inayah FitriInstitut Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Wiyata1
Laili KhumaidahInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Wiwit Denny FitrianaUniversitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum Jombang1
Sri Banun Titi IstiqomahUniversitas Pesantren Tinggi Darul Ulum Jombang1
Devi Anggraini PutriUniversitas Noor Huda Mustofa1
Nurlatifah NurlatifahInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Sotya RawiningtyasPoliteknik AKA Bogor1
Adi Setyo PurnomoInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1
Faradita Eka PuspitasariInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MKG/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Inhibitory effect of calcium hydroxide combined with Nigella sativa against Enterococcus faecalis</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Zakaria, Myrna Nurlatifah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Putri, Yusfien Shabrina</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Rahaju, Asih</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fatmawati, Sri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Cahyanto, Arief</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Calcium hydroxide</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">endodontic infection</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Enterococcus faecalis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">intracanal medicament</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Nigella sativa</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Background: Calcium hydroxide is the gold standard medicament for root canal treatment. Enterococcus faecalis, the primary cause of intraradicular persistent endodontic infection, is often identified even after endodontic treatment. Thymoquinone, an active ingredient of Nigella sativa, has an antimicrobial effect on both gram-negative and positive bacteria, including E. faecalis. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of calcium hydroxide combined with Nigella sativa extract and determine the best ratio for the combined material. Methods: This is an experimental study comprised of six groups (n = 4 per group) based on the material and its ratio, namely; (1) calcium hydroxide; (2) Nigella sativa extract; and groups of the combination of calcium hydroxide and Nigella sativa extract with a ratio (3) 70:30, (4) 50:50, (5) 30:70, (6) 10:90. The inhibitory effect against E. faecalis was evaluated by the agar well diffusion method in Muller–Hinton agar. Observation of the inhibitory zone was performed on the first, third, and seventh days. The collected data were analysed by a one-way ANOVA and LSD post hoc test. Results: Calcium hydroxide has the highest inhibitory effect, and the combination of Nigella sativa extract with calcium hydroxide ratio 50:50 was second. The inhibitory zone of these two groups was significantly higher than in any other group (p&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: Nigella sativa extract combine with calcium hydroxide did not enhance calcium hydroxide's antimicrobial property against E. faecalis. An equal amount of Nigella sativa and calcium hydroxide is the best combination ratio, with a stable effect for up to seven days. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2021-10-18</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MKG/article/view/28498</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/j.djmkg.v54.i4.p181-185</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi); Vol. 54 No. 4 (2021): December 2021; 181-185</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2442-9740</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-3728</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/MKG/article/view/28498/15871</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2021 Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>