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Open access Jurnal SINTA 2

Deep Learning for Automatic Assessment and Feedback in LMS-Based Education

IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems) · Vol. 19 No. 3 (2025) · pp. 271–280

DOI
10.22146/ijccs.109333
ISSN
2460-7258, 1978-1520
Published
2025-07-31
Publisher
IndoCEISS in colaboration with Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.
Language
eng
License
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstract

Learning Management Systems (LMS) play a critical role in modern education by organizing content, facilitating communication, and supporting student assessment. However, most current LMS platforms depend on manual grading and generalized feedback, which can be inefficient and lack personalization. This research enhances LMS capabilities by integrating deep learning techniques—specifically Natural Language Processing (NLP)—to automate assessment and deliver personalized feedback. The system analyzes student input, such as written assignments and discussion forum posts, to evaluate performance and generate real-time, adaptive feedback. A modular framework was developed using a Bidirectional LSTM-based architecture trained on sequence data with regression objectives. The model was evaluated using the Mean Squared Error (MSE) metric. The results show that the model performs reasonably well, with predictions closely aligned to actual values in most cases, although its performance decreases slightly at the distribution extremes. Visualization via scatter plots further confirms the model's ability to capture context and structure in textual input. These findings demonstrate the model's feasibility in educational environments and its potential to reduce instructor workload while improving the quality of feedback. Future work will consider integrating attention mechanisms and multilingual capabilities for broader applicability.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

4 authors · 4 co-authorship links · 1 across different organisations

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  • Institut Bisnis dan Teknologi Indonesia
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Subanar SubanarUniversitas Gadjah Mada1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijccs/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Deep Learning for Automatic Assessment and Feedback in LMS-Based Education</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Kusuma, Aniek Suryanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ekayana, Anak Agung Gde</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Dwi Utami Putra, Desak Made</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US"></dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">LMS, Deep Learning, NLP, LSTM, Automatic Assessment</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Learning Management Systems (LMS) play a critical role in modern education by organizing content, facilitating communication, and supporting student assessment. However, most current LMS platforms depend on manual grading and generalized feedback, which can be inefficient and lack personalization. This research enhances LMS capabilities by integrating deep learning techniques—specifically Natural Language Processing (NLP)—to automate assessment and deliver personalized feedback. The system analyzes student input, such as written assignments and discussion forum posts, to evaluate performance and generate real-time, adaptive feedback. A modular framework was developed using a Bidirectional LSTM-based architecture trained on sequence data with regression objectives. The model was evaluated using the Mean Squared Error (MSE) metric. The results show that the model performs reasonably well, with predictions closely aligned to actual values in most cases, although its performance decreases slightly at the distribution extremes. Visualization via scatter plots further confirms the model's ability to capture context and structure in textual input. These findings demonstrate the model's feasibility in educational environments and its potential to reduce instructor workload while improving the quality of feedback. Future work will consider integrating attention mechanisms and multilingual capabilities for broader applicability.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">IndoCEISS in colaboration with Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia.</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US"></dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2025-07-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijccs/article/view/109333</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22146/ijccs.109333</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems); Vol 19, No 3 (2025): July; 271-280</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2460-7258</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1978-1520</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijccs/article/view/109333/42108</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 IJCCS (Indonesian Journal of Computing and Cybernetics Systems)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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