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The endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters: a new alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats

Heart Science Journal · Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 78–84

DOI
10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.14
ISSN
2721-9984, 2721-9976
Terbit
2026-01-31
Penerbit
Universitas Brawijaya
Bahasa
en
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

Abstrak

Background: Developing an atherosclerotic plaque model is crucial in atherosclerosis research, as creating such a model remains a significant challenge. Objective: This study evaluates the endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters as an alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats. Methods: This true experimental study employs a post-test-only control group design. Twenty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group, a treatment group that underwent a 6-week intervention, and another treatment group that underwent an 8-week intervention. The control group was fed a standard diet of 320 kcal per 100 grams, while both treatment groups received a high-fat diet of 414 kcal per 100 grams. In the second week, endothelial injury was induced in the left common carotid artery of both treatment groups using a 26G intravenous catheter. The parameters assessed in the atherosclerotic plaque model included matrix metalloprotease-9 expression, M1 macrophage activity, M2 macrophage activity, maximal intima thickness, and the degree of arterial stenosis. Result: The endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters significantly impacted matrix metalloprotease-9 expression (p<0.001) in both the 6-week and 8-week treatment groups compared to the control group. In contrast, the treatment's effects on maximal intima thickness (p=0.003) and the degree of arterial stenosis (p=0.002) were statistically significant only after 8 weeks of intervention compared to the control group. Conclusion: The endothelial injury techniques using intravenous catheters can be considered an alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats. Although this new technique has several limitations, it holds promise for further development in future studies.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Diponegoro University
  • University of Mataram
  • Kobe University
  • University of Indonesia
  • University of Brawijaya
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Erma SafitriUniversitas Airlangga3
Yusra PintaningrumUniversity of Mataram2
Yanna IndrayanaUniversity of Mataram2
Syarief Thaufik HidayatDiponegoro University2
Imam MustofaUniversitas Airlangga2
Tri Wahyu SuprayogiUniversitas Airlangga2
Muhammad Fajar AmrullahUniversitas Airlangga2
Ristaqul Husna BelganiaUniversitas Airlangga2
Rimayanti RimayantiUniversitas Airlangga2
Tita Damayanti LestariUniversitas Airlangga2
Dian Puspita SariUniversity of Mataram1
Kartika ApriliaUniversitas Airlangga1
AASM Meiswaryasti PutraUniversity of Mataram1
Basuki RahmatUniversity of Mataram1
Nisa Amnifolia NiaztaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Muchamad Dzikrul Haq KarimullahUniversitas Airlangga1
Pandit Bagus Tri SaputraUniversitas Airlangga1
Firas Farisi AlkaffUniversitas Airlangga1
Ricardo Adrian NugrahaUniversitas Airlangga1
Novia Nurul FaizahKobe University1
Wynne WidiartiUniversitas Airlangga1
Nadhifa Tanesha AufazhafarinUniversitas Airlangga1
Zahras Azimuth DomanUniversitas Airlangga1
Rendy Asmaradhana SaharaUniversity of Indonesia1
Seindy GlamourDiponegoro University1
Adi Setyawan PriantoDiponegoro University1
Inu MulyantoroDiponegoro University1
Oktoria IndraprajaDiponegoro University1
Noor Pramono NoerpramanaDiponegoro University1
Noor PramonoDiponegoro University1
Yuli TrisetiyonoDiponegoro University1
Shifa FauziyahUniversitas Airlangga1
Teguh Hari SuciptoUniversitas Airlangga1
Sri SubektiUniversitas Airlangga1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://heartscience.ub.ac.id/index.php/heartscience/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters: a new alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ermawan, Romi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pikir, Budi Susetyo </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Mulyanto, Mulyanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Utomo, Budi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Widjiati , Widjiati </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Oktaviono, Yudi Her</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Atherosclerotic plaque</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Endothelial injury</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Model</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Wistar rats</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Background: Developing an atherosclerotic plaque model is crucial in atherosclerosis research, as creating such a model remains a significant challenge.
Objective: This study evaluates the endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters as an alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats.
Methods: This true experimental study employs a post-test-only control group design. Twenty-two adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group, a treatment group that underwent a 6-week intervention, and another treatment group that underwent an 8-week intervention. The control group was fed a standard diet of 320 kcal per 100 grams, while both treatment groups received a high-fat diet of 414 kcal per 100 grams. In the second week, endothelial injury was induced in the left common carotid artery of both treatment groups using a 26G intravenous catheter. The parameters assessed in the atherosclerotic plaque model included matrix metalloprotease-9 expression, M1 macrophage activity, M2 macrophage activity, maximal intima thickness, and the degree of arterial stenosis.
Result: The endothelial injury technique using intravenous catheters significantly impacted matrix metalloprotease-9 expression (p&amp;lt;0.001) in both the 6-week and 8-week treatment groups compared to the control group. In contrast, the treatment's effects on maximal intima thickness (p=0.003) and the degree of arterial stenosis (p=0.002) were statistically significant only after 8 weeks of intervention compared to the control group.
Conclusion: The endothelial injury techniques using intravenous catheters can be considered an alternative method for developing atherosclerotic plaque models in Wistar rats. Although this new technique has several limitations, it holds promise for further development in future studies.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Brawijaya</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-01-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://heartscience.ub.ac.id/index.php/heartscience/article/view/20482</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01.14</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Heart Science Journal; Vol. 7 No. 1 (2026): Accelerating Clinical Breakthroughs: The Journey from Molecular Discovery to Patient Care; 78-84</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2721-9984</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2721-9976</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.21776/ub.hsj.2026.007.01</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://heartscience.ub.ac.id/index.php/heartscience/article/view/20482/562</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Romi Ermawan, Budi Susetyo Pikir, Mulyanto, Budi Utomo, Widjiati, Yudi Her Oktaviono</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>