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The Partial Pressure of CO2 and Fluxes of CO2 in Semarang Bay, Indonesia

ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences · Vol. 28 No. 1 (2023) · hlm. 113–124

DOI
10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.113-124
ISSN
2406-7598, 0853-7291
Terbit
2023-03-15
Penerbit
Marine Science Department Diponegoro University
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

The CO2 characteristics of the Semarang Bay system on the Northern coast of Java were investigated to understand the roles in carbon dioxide flux. The flux of carbon dioxide at the sea surface between seawater and atmosphere is essential for mitigating atmospheric CO2. The aims of this study were to assess the variation of CO2 partial pressure seawater (pCO2sea) and CO2 flux and to analyse the water quality variable which has the larger influence on CO2 flux in the waters of Semarang Bay. The variables in this study were temperature, pH, salinity, and DO. Different methods were adopted in the analysis of water samples: spectrophotometric to measure chlorophyll-a and phosphate and titration method to measure Total Alkalinity (TA) and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC). A CO2 meter was used to measure the CO2atm. The lowest CO2 flux value was (1.86 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1) during the morning period while the pCO2sea reached 461.04 μatm and CO2 flux 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1 at night. At noon time, with increased temperature, pCO2sea was 461.04 μatm, and CO2 flux was 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1. The high concentration of chlorophyll-a ranged between 3.55–4.11 mg.L-1. This chlorophyll-a concentration has a negative correlation with CO2 flux, and it was found that TA and DIC concentrations have no relationship with CO2 flux. Based on PCA analysis, it was found that the variability of CO2 flux in Semarang Bay is influenced by the variability of pCO2sea, sea surface temperature and kwa (affected by wind speed).

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  • Diponegoro University
  • Delft University of Technology
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Sriwijaya University
  • Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto
  • Beijing Forestry University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Suryanti SuryantiDiponegoro University5
‪Muhammad Fajar PurnamaUniversitas Halu Oleo3
Slamet Budi PrayitnoDiponegoro University3
Churun AinDiponegoro University2
Nancy Marcelina Reinatha AmaloDiponegoro University1
Siti RudiyantiDiponegoro University1
Risna Gina SofiyaniDiponegoro University1
Bambang SulardionoDiponegoro University1
Wahyu Ika AprilianaDiponegoro University1
Frida PurwantiDiponegoro University1
Lestari Lahksmi WidowatiSriwijaya University1
Anindya WirasatriaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad HelmiDiponegoro University1
Bhaskoro RochaddiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ambariyanto AmbariyantoDiponegoro University1
Pra Luber Agung WibowoDiponegoro University1
Muhammad HelmiDiponegoro University1
Anindya WirasatriyaDiponegoro University1
Aris IsmantoDiponegoro University1
Prayogi PrayogiDiponegoro University1
Dewi KresnasariUniversitas Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto1
Rudhi PribadiDiponegoro University1
Muhammad ZainuriDiponegoro University1
Rinto WiartaBeijing Forestry University1
Novita Tri ArtiningrumDiponegoro University1
Norma AfiatiDiponegoro University1
Pujiono Wahyu PurnomoDiponegoro University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Partial Pressure of CO2 and Fluxes of CO2 in Semarang Bay, Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Muskananfola, Max Rudolf</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Latifah, Nurul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hartoko, Agus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Febrianto, Sigit</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Winterwerp, Johan Christian</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">CO2 flux ; pCO2 seawater; Dissolved Inorganic Carbon, Semarang Bay</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The CO2 characteristics of the Semarang Bay system on the Northern coast of Java were investigated to understand the roles in carbon dioxide flux. The flux of carbon dioxide at the sea surface between seawater and atmosphere is essential for mitigating atmospheric CO2.  The aims of this study were to assess the variation of CO2 partial pressure seawater (pCO2sea) and CO2 flux and to analyse the water quality variable which has the larger influence on CO2 flux in the waters of Semarang Bay. The variables in this study were temperature, pH, salinity, and DO. Different methods were adopted in the analysis of water samples: spectrophotometric to measure chlorophyll-a and phosphate and titration method to measure Total Alkalinity (TA) and Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC). A CO2 meter was used to measure the CO2atm. The lowest CO2 flux value was (1.86 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1) during the morning period while the pCO2sea reached 461.04 μatm and CO2 flux 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1 at night. At noon time, with increased temperature, pCO2sea was 461.04 μatm, and CO2 flux was 83.79 mmol CO2 m-2 day-1. The high concentration of chlorophyll-a ranged between 3.55–4.11 mg.L-1.  This chlorophyll-a concentration has a negative correlation with CO2 flux, and it was found that TA and DIC concentrations have no relationship with CO2 flux. Based on PCA analysis, it was found that the variability of CO2 flux in Semarang Bay is influenced by the variability of pCO2sea, sea surface temperature and kwa (affected by wind speed).</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Marine Science Department Diponegoro University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-03-15</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US"></dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/52877</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.14710/ik.ijms.28.1.113-124</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences; Vol 28, No 1 (2023): Ilmu Kelautan; 113-124</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2406-7598</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0853-7291</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/ijms/article/view/52877/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2023 ILMU KELAUTAN: Indonesian Journal of Marine Sciences</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>