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The Impact of the Interaction between Madden-Julian Oscillation and Cold Surge, on Rainfall over Western Indonesia

Indonesian Journal of Geography · Vol. 53 No. 2 (2021) · hlm. 245–253

DOI
10.22146/ijg.64006
ISSN
2354-9114, 0024-9521
Terbit
2021-08-28
Penerbit
Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

The Madden-Julian Oscillation and Cold Surge phenomena have been known to cause increased rainfall, with the capacity to trigger hydrometeorological disasters, in western Indonesia. However, further investigations are required regarding the interaction between these phenomena on rainfall pattern. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the interaction between MJO and CS over western Indonesia, particularly by using land-based rainfall observation data from multiple stations, as previous studies were dominated by the use of gridded data from remote observations. This study utilized in-situ observation data obtained from 4329 weather observations and rain stations between 1989 and 2018. Subsequently, quality control performed based on data availability exceeding 70% over a 30-year period resulted in 303 selected stations to be used for further analysis. Meanwhile, the RMM index, as well as reanalysis data of mean sea level pressure and 925 hPa meridional wind, were also applied for MJO and CS identification. According to the composite analysis, the effect of CS on MJO phases tends to increase precipitation by about 50%, over western Indonesia, with maximum increase ranging from 200 to 400% over the northeastern coast of Sumatra, around Karimata Strait (Riau Islands and West Kalimantan), as well as the northern coast of Java. These areas are exposed to the sea and have direct access to the wind-terrain interaction. In addition, the highest rainfall anomaly due to the MJO-CS interaction occurs around Karimata Strait, followed by northern Sumatra and Java, with spatially averaged rainfall anomaly reaching 5 mm/day over the area.

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  • IPB University
  • Meteorological, Climatological, And Geophysical Agency
  • University of Göttingen
  • Universitas Jambi
  • Indonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space
  • Southeast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Yonny KoesmaryonoIPB University2
Tugiyo AminotoUniversitas Jambi1
Luisa Febrina AmaloIPB University1
Sayidah SulmaIndonesian National Institute of Aeronautics and Space1
Rini HidayatiIPB University1
Novvria SagitaMeteorological, Climatological, And Geophysical Agency1
Indra GustariMeteorological, Climatological, And Geophysical Agency1
Fatkhuroyan FatkhuroyanMeteorological, Climatological, And Geophysical Agency1
Eko SupriyadiMeteorological, Climatological, And Geophysical Agency1
Perdinan PerdinanIPB University1
Donaldi Sukma PermanaMeteorological, Climatological, And Geophysical Agency1
Kiki KikiIPB University1
Tania JuneSoutheast Asian Regional Centre for Tropical Biology1
Ummu Ma'rufahIPB University1
Ashehad Ashween AliUniversity of Göttingen1
Christian StieglerUniversity of Göttingen1
Alexander KnohlUniversity of Göttingen1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Impact of the Interaction between Madden-Julian Oscillation and Cold Surge, on Rainfall over Western Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Wijayanti, Agita Vivi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hidayat, Rahmat</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Faqih, Akhmad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Alfahmi, Furqon</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Climatology; Remote Sensing; Geography</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">MJO; CS; Rainfall Observation; Western Indonesia, Vorticity</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US"></dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The Madden-Julian Oscillation and Cold Surge phenomena have been known to cause increased rainfall, with the capacity to trigger hydrometeorological disasters, in western Indonesia. However, further investigations are required regarding the interaction between these phenomena on rainfall pattern. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the interaction between MJO and CS over western Indonesia, particularly by using land-based rainfall observation data from multiple stations, as previous studies were dominated by the use of gridded data from remote observations. This study utilized in-situ observation data obtained from 4329 weather observations and rain stations between 1989 and 2018.  Subsequently, quality control performed based on data availability exceeding 70% over a 30-year period resulted in 303 selected stations to be used for further analysis. Meanwhile, the RMM index, as well as reanalysis data of mean sea level pressure and 925 hPa meridional wind, were also applied for MJO and CS identification. According to the composite analysis, the effect of CS on MJO phases tends to increase precipitation by about 50%, over western Indonesia, with maximum increase ranging from 200 to 400% over the northeastern coast of Sumatra, around Karimata Strait (Riau Islands and West Kalimantan), as well as the northern coast of Java. These areas are exposed to the sea and have direct access to the wind-terrain interaction. In addition, the highest rainfall anomaly due to the MJO-CS interaction occurs around Karimata Strait, followed by northern Sumatra and Java, with spatially averaged rainfall anomaly reaching 5 mm/day over the area.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Education and Training Center, Agency for Meteorology Climatology and Geophysics</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2021-08-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Composite Analysis, RMM Index</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/64006</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22146/ijg.64006</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Indonesian Journal of Geography; Vol 53, No 2 (2021): Indonesian Journal of Geography; 245-253</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2354-9114</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0024-9521</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/64006/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/downloadSuppFile/64006/15519</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/downloadSuppFile/64006/15520</dc:relation>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">Western Indonesia; Indonesia; Maritime Continent</dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US"></dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US"></dc:coverage>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2021 Authors</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
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