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Comparison of All Return Cover Index (ARCI) and First Return Cover Index (FRCI) Methods for Mapping Percentage of Mangrove Canopy Cover using LiDAR Data

Indonesian Journal of Geography · Vol. 56 No. 2 (2024) · hlm. 326–334

DOI
10.22146/ijg.86917
ISSN
2354-9114, 0024-9521
Terbit
2024-09-12
Penerbit
Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

Indonesia has the largest mangrove forest in the world, around 3.3 million hectares or 19.5% of the entire mangrove’s world population. Mangroves have many ecological and economic benefits and are also threatened by several conditions, such as a decrease in area, land, degradation, and the health of mangrove vegetation. One of the methods in maintaining the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems is mapping the biophysical aspects of vegetation, namely mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover using field measurements or remote sensing. This study aims to compare the accuracy of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data based on All Return Cover Index (ARCI) and First Return Cover Index (FRCI) algorithms in mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover and analyzing its spatial distribution. The study area is a mangrove forest in Ratai Bay Pesawaran Lampung. This forest is dominated by a dense and evenly distributed canopy cover class with an average value of 78.24% which was acquired using the hemispherical photography method. ARCI and FRCI methods are dominated by the dense and evenly distributed cover class with an average percent cover value of 85.39% and 89.78%, respectively. The accuracy of mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover using FRCI is higher than ARCI, with a maximum accuracy value of 93.08% and a standard error of 5.95%. That value shows that using LiDAR data with the FRCI method for mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover produces a high accuracy value.

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  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Sanjiwana ArjasakusumaUniversitas Gadjah Mada3
Nur Mohammad FardaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Hartono HartonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Barano Ss MeterayAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Prima WidayaniUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Muhammad Sufwandika WijayaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Hartono HartonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Pramaditya WicaksonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Novi Susetyo AdiMinistry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries1
Nguyễn Thanh HùngAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hoàng Công TríAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Erny PoedjirahajoeUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Much. Taufik Tri HermawanUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Frita Kusuma WardhaniUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Maulana Abdul HakimUniversitas Gadjah Mada1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Comparison of All Return Cover Index (ARCI) and First Return Cover Index (FRCI) Methods for Mapping Percentage of Mangrove Canopy Cover using LiDAR Data</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>M, Mulyanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kamal, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Remote Sensing; Geography; Ecology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Canopy Cover; Mangrove; LiDAR; FRCI; ARCI</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US"></dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Indonesia has the largest mangrove forest in the world, around 3.3 million hectares or 19.5% of the entire mangrove’s world population. Mangroves have many ecological and economic benefits and are also threatened by several conditions, such as a decrease in area, land, degradation, and the health of mangrove vegetation. One of the methods in maintaining the sustainability of mangrove ecosystems is mapping the biophysical aspects of vegetation, namely mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover using field measurements or remote sensing. This study aims to compare the accuracy of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data based on All Return Cover Index (ARCI) and First Return Cover Index (FRCI) algorithms in mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover and analyzing its spatial distribution. The study area is a mangrove forest in Ratai Bay Pesawaran Lampung. This forest is dominated by a dense and evenly distributed canopy cover class with an average value of 78.24% which was acquired using the hemispherical photography method. ARCI and FRCI methods are dominated by the dense and evenly distributed cover class with an average percent cover value of 85.39% and 89.78%, respectively. The accuracy of mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover using FRCI is higher than ARCI, with a maximum accuracy value of 93.08% and a standard error of 5.95%. That value shows that using LiDAR data with the FRCI method for mapping the percentage of mangrove canopy cover produces a high accuracy value.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US"></dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2024-09-12</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">ARCI and FRCI applied to Lidar data</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/86917</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22146/ijg.86917</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Indonesian Journal of Geography; Vol 56, No 2 (2024): Indonesian Journal of Geography; 326-334</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2354-9114</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0024-9521</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/86917/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/downloadSuppFile/86917/27798</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/downloadSuppFile/86917/27799</dc:relation>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">Local, Pesawaran Lampung</dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">2022-2023</dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">Field sample of mangrove canopy cover</dc:coverage>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2024 Authors</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>