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The Development of Inshore Traffic Zone in Sunda Strait

Indonesian Journal of Geography · Vol. 58 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 102–112

DOI
10.22146/ijg.115071
ISSN
2354-9114, 0024-9521
Terbit
2026-04-28
Penerbit
Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

This study aims to delineate spatial conflict zones, assess navigational risk, and formulate geographic information system (GIS)-based design scenarios for a proposed eastern Inshore Traffic Zone (ITZ) in Sunda Strait which is a very important section of Archipelagic Sea Lane I (ALKI I) in Indonesia. International Maritime Organization (IMO) established a western ITZ in 2020, but the eastern sector lacked a systematic nearshore traffic scheme. This is due to the coexistence of competing activities such as fisheries, conservation zones, port access routes, and submarine infrastructure in a limited coastal corridor. Therefore, a spatially integrated method was adopted and combined with Automatic Identification System (AIS)-derived traffic density, longitudinal Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) deviation data, hydrographic maps, and Banten marine spatial planning (RZWP3K) layers in GIS overlay framework. AIS measurements showed that ferry crossings of 2,691–3,168 per month were significantly higher than the longitudinal Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) flows reported as 365–576 per month and led to frequent crossing encounters in nearshore multi-use areas. The kernel density analysis also signaled that the interactions were concentrated east of TSS corridor specifically in Merak–Cigading waters and Sangiang Island. The two ITZ design possibilities assessed were the complete segregation model and a corridor-oriented layout. The corridor-based ITZ had enhanced spatial compatibility by reducing the overlap between reserve areas and underwater cable routes while augmenting navigational safety. The results showed that GIS-enabled spatial governance could improve traffic management by restructuring movement patterns rather than limiting navigation. This further led to the incorporation of navigational safety goals into maritime spatial planning across intricate archipelagic rivers. Play This Podcast Article

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  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
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I Putu SriarthaAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Darto WahidinAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Ulfa Azhari ShabiraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Suratman SuratmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Jawoto Sih SetyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hadi Sabari YunusAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Budi PurwantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad HendriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muslim MuslimUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Nurhidayat NurhidayatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Awaludin AhsinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Eka Maya KurniasihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Akhmad Tri PrasetyoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Andi PatriadiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Septi HermialinggaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Danang Sri HadmokoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Akhmad AsrofiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sudrajat SudrajatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Septi Sri RahmawatiUniversitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta1
Hastangka HastangkaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Chesa Syaqira MakmurAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Siti MurtiningsihAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rini SetiyowatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dina RuslanjariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ikhwan AmriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Bella Sinta HikmasariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Cornelius Antoni NababanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Development of Inshore Traffic Zone in Sunda Strait</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Sobaruddin, Dyan Primana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Armawi, Armaidy</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Giyarsih, Sri Rum</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Geography, spatial planning, and development; Hydrography; Environmental sciences.</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Inshore Traffic Zone, Maritime Traffic Management, Safety Strategy, Sunda Strait</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Marine spatial planning; Maritime traffic management; Navigational safety; Coastal governance.</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This study aims to delineate spatial conflict zones, assess navigational risk, and formulate geographic information system (GIS)-based design scenarios for a proposed eastern Inshore Traffic Zone (ITZ) in Sunda Strait which is a very important section of Archipelagic Sea Lane I (ALKI I) in Indonesia. International Maritime Organization (IMO) established a western ITZ in 2020, but the eastern sector lacked a systematic nearshore traffic scheme. This is due to the coexistence of competing activities such as fisheries, conservation zones, port access routes, and submarine infrastructure in a limited coastal corridor. Therefore, a spatially integrated method was adopted and combined with Automatic Identification System (AIS)-derived traffic density, longitudinal Vessel Traffic Services (VTS) deviation data, hydrographic maps, and Banten marine spatial planning (RZWP3K) layers in GIS overlay framework. AIS measurements showed that ferry crossings of 2,691–3,168 per month were significantly higher than the longitudinal Traffic Separation Scheme (TSS) flows reported as 365–576 per month and led to frequent crossing encounters in nearshore multi-use areas. The kernel density analysis also signaled that the interactions were concentrated east of TSS corridor specifically in Merak–Cigading waters and Sangiang Island. The two ITZ design possibilities assessed were the complete segregation model and a corridor-oriented layout. The corridor-based ITZ had enhanced spatial compatibility by reducing the overlap between reserve areas and underwater cable routes while augmenting navigational safety. The results showed that GIS-enabled spatial governance could improve traffic management by restructuring movement patterns rather than limiting navigation. This further led to the incorporation of navigational safety goals into maritime spatial planning across intricate archipelagic rivers.  Play This Podcast Article </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Graduate School, Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:contributor>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Indonesian Navy Hydro-Oceanographic Center (Pushidrosal).</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2026-04-28</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">GIS-based spatial analysis; quantitative traffic risk assessment; scenario-based spatial planning.</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/115071</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22146/ijg.115071</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Indonesian Journal of Geography; Vol 58, No 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Geography; 102-112</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2354-9114</dc:source>
	<dc:source>0024-9521</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/view/115071/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/downloadSuppFile/115071/43081</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/ijg/article/downloadSuppFile/115071/43082</dc:relation>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">Eastern Sunda Strait; Indonesian Archipelagic Waters; Indonesia.</dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">Contemporary period (2019–2024)</dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">AIS and VTS vessel traffic data; commercial vessels and local fishing vessels; crossing traffic patterns.</dc:coverage>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Authors</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>