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Small-scale and Smartphone-based Colorimetric Experiments to Enhance Grade-11 Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Chemical Equilibrium

Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia · Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024)

DOI
10.15294/vdxeak53
ISSN
2089-4392, 2339-1286
Published
2024-11-30
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the conceptual understanding of chemical equilibrium among 11th-grade students using the 5E inquiry learning framework, in which the students were requested to conduct the small-scale experiments on chemical equilibrium and factors influencing the equilibrium and the smartphone-based colorimetric determination of Kc. Data collection was conducted through a two-tier diagnostic conceptual test and semi-structured interviews. Thirty-one students participated in three 2-hour 5E learning sessions, totaling 6 hours. A paired-samples t-test revealed that the post-conceptual test scores (mean 31.46, S.D. 6.82, 69.91%) were significantly higher than the pre-test scores (mean 11.85, S.D. 10.80, 26.33%) at a significance level of 0.05, with a normalized gain of 0.59, indicating a medium improvement. Most students progressed from the less accurate category, Partial Understanding with Specific Misunderstanding (PMU, 42.39%), to a more accurate category, Partial Understanding (45.38%). Semi-structured interviews suggested that the 5E inquiry approach, using small-scale and smartphone-based colorimetric experiments, was both engaging and effective in improving students’ conceptual understanding. This intervention successfully helped students shift their understanding of chemical reactions towards more accurate categories.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

6 authors · 15 co-authorship links

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  • Ubon Ratchathani University
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
A. MoonsarnUbon Ratchathani University4
P. KhajornklinUbon Ratchathani University4

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/oai, first harvested 29 Okt 2026, last seen 29 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Small-scale and Smartphone-based Colorimetric Experiments to Enhance Grade-11 Students’ Conceptual Understanding of Chemical Equilibrium</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Wuttisela, Karntarat</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Jarujamrus, Purim</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Chairam, Sanoe</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Supasorn, Saksri</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">chemical equilibrium</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">equilibrium constant</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">colorimetric analysis</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">small-scale experiment</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">high school chemistry</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">This study aimed to examine the conceptual understanding of chemical equilibrium among 11th-grade students using the 5E inquiry learning framework, in which the students were requested to conduct the small-scale experiments on chemical equilibrium and factors influencing the equilibrium and the smartphone-based colorimetric determination of Kc. Data collection was conducted through a two-tier diagnostic conceptual test and semi-structured interviews. Thirty-one students participated in three 2-hour 5E learning sessions, totaling 6 hours. A paired-samples t-test revealed that the post-conceptual test scores (mean 31.46, S.D. 6.82, 69.91%) were significantly higher than the pre-test scores (mean 11.85, S.D. 10.80, 26.33%) at a significance level of 0.05, with a normalized gain of 0.59, indicating a medium improvement. Most students progressed from the less accurate category, Partial Understanding with Specific Misunderstanding (PMU, 42.39%), to a more accurate category, Partial Understanding (45.38%). Semi-structured interviews suggested that the 5E inquiry approach, using small-scale and smartphone-based colorimetric experiments, was both engaging and effective in improving students’ conceptual understanding. This intervention successfully helped students shift their understanding of chemical reactions towards more accurate categories.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2024-11-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/14690</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/vdxeak53</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia; Vol. 13 No. 4 (2024): December 2024</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-4392</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-1286</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jpii.v13i4</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/14690/2757</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>