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Identifying Trends in the Study of Gender in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Programs

Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia · Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025)

DOI
10.15294/jpii.v14i2.18927
ISSN
2089-4392, 2339-1286
Published
2025-06-30
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

In recent years, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education has gained increasing importance in response to changes driven by evolving social dynamics, emphasizing the need for professionals equipped with skills and knowledge to navigate the demands of modern society. However, the gender gap in STEM fields remains a widespread concern, primarily due to the underrepresentation of women. To address this, different strategies have been developed to encourage greater female participation in these areas. These strategies include promoting a greater representation of female mentors, implementing measures to eliminate discrimination, fostering a balance between personal life and work, and ensuring equitable conditions in promotions and salary allocation. Against this backdrop, the present study aims to identify research trends in STEM from a gender perspective by conducting a bibliometric analysis using the PRISMA 2020 methodology. The results reveal an exponential increase in scientific output on this topic, with a peak in publications occurring in 2022. Among the key themes emerging from the literature are persistent gender disparities, the relevance of self-efficacy, and the role of intersectionality in shaping women’s participation in STEM. Understanding why more women—and especially women of color—do not pursue or work in STEM disciplines is a concern from the standpoint of global diversity, particularly in the United States, where significant inclusion gaps remain. Furthermore, despite improvements in female representation, barriers related to retention and professional advancement persist. Overall, this analysis provides new insights into the thematic evolution and emerging directions of research at the intersection of gender and STEM.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

6 authors · 15 co-authorship links · 9 across different organisations

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  • Institución Universitaria ITM
  • Universidad Ricardo Palma
  • Universidad de Los Lagos
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
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Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/oai, first harvested 29 Okt 2026, last seen 29 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Identifying Trends in the Study of Gender in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) Programs</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Pineda, Vanessa</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Gallegos, Ada</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Valencia, Jackeline</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Valencia-Arias, Alejandro</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Montoya Benitez, Alber Oswaldo</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Ospina Cifuentes, Bayron Jesit</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">STEM</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">inclusion</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">science</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">engineering</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">gender</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">In recent years, Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education has gained increasing importance in response to changes driven by evolving social dynamics, emphasizing the need for professionals equipped with skills and knowledge to navigate the demands of modern society. However, the gender gap in STEM fields remains a widespread concern, primarily due to the underrepresentation of women. To address this, different strategies have been developed to encourage greater female participation in these areas. These strategies include promoting a greater representation of female mentors, implementing measures to eliminate discrimination, fostering a balance between personal life and work, and ensuring equitable conditions in promotions and salary allocation. Against this backdrop, the present study aims to identify research trends in STEM from a gender perspective by conducting a bibliometric analysis using the PRISMA 2020 methodology. The results reveal an exponential increase in scientific output on this topic, with a peak in publications occurring in 2022. Among the key themes emerging from the literature are persistent gender disparities, the relevance of self-efficacy, and the role of intersectionality in shaping women’s participation in STEM. Understanding why more women—and especially women of color—do not pursue or work in STEM disciplines is a concern from the standpoint of global diversity, particularly in the United States, where significant inclusion gaps remain. Furthermore, despite improvements in female representation, barriers related to retention and professional advancement persist. Overall, this analysis provides new insights into the thematic evolution and emerging directions of research at the intersection of gender and STEM.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-06-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/18927</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jpii.v14i2.18927</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia; Vol. 14 No. 2 (2025): June 2025</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-4392</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-1286</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jpii.v14i2</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/18927/4666</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>