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Implementing a Challenge-Based Ethnoscience E-Book on Colloid Systems to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking and Conceptual Understanding

Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia · Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)

DOI
10.15294/jpii.v15i1.33866
ISSN
2089-4392, 2339-1286
Published
2026-03-24
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Colloid learning is often difficult for students to relate to real-world phenomena, leading to a lack of conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. One relevant local context for concretizing the concept of colloids is tofu waste treatment, which involves colloidal systems and environmental issues in the community. Integrating this ethnoscience context through Challenge-Based Learning has the potential to provide more contextual, meaningful, and authentic learning oriented toward problem-solving. This study aims to develop and demonstrate the impact of a Challenge-Based Ethnoscience e-book about colloids in the context of tofu waste treatment on improving students' conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. This research method used Design and Development Research, consisting of three phases: design (needs analysis and product design), development (based on the 4STMD model), and evaluation (Students' critical thinking and conceptual understanding). Implementation was conducted with 30 eleventh-grade students. Critical thinking skills were measured using the Ennis framework, while conceptual understanding was assessed through context-based essay questions. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Spearman correlation, and rank-biserial effect size. Results showed significant improvements in conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills, indicating consistent positive score changes across all participants. A very strong correlation was found between conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills, indicating a high degree of shared variance between the two. It can be concluded that the CBL e-book on ethnoscience related to colloid materials, developed according to the 4STMD, is a feasible and effective learning material for chemistry. This learning material aligns with the learning curriculum, is scientific, and organizes materials systematically through local wisdom, specifically in the context of tofu wastewater treatment, to enhance students' understanding of concepts and critical thinking skills.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

5 authors · 10 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations

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  • Indonesia University of Education
  • National Taiwan Normal University
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
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Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/oai, first harvested 29 Okt 2026, last seen 29 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Implementing a Challenge-Based Ethnoscience E-Book on Colloid Systems to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking and Conceptual Understanding</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Anwar, Sjaeful</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Abdurachman, Bagas </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Rohman, Ijang</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Liu, Shiang-Yao </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Harianti, Harianti</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">challenge-based learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">critical thinking skill</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">e-book</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">ethnoscience</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">4STMD</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Colloid learning is often difficult for students to relate to real-world phenomena, leading to a lack of conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. One relevant local context for concretizing the concept of colloids is tofu waste treatment, which involves colloidal systems and environmental issues in the community. Integrating this ethnoscience context through Challenge-Based Learning has the potential to provide more contextual, meaningful, and authentic learning oriented toward problem-solving. This study aims to develop and demonstrate the impact of a Challenge-Based Ethnoscience e-book about colloids in the context of tofu waste treatment on improving students' conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills. This research method used Design and Development Research, consisting of three phases: design (needs analysis and product design), development (based on the 4STMD model), and evaluation (Students' critical thinking and conceptual understanding). Implementation was conducted with 30 eleventh-grade students. Critical thinking skills were measured using the Ennis framework, while conceptual understanding was assessed through context-based essay questions. Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Spearman correlation, and rank-biserial effect size. Results showed significant improvements in conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills, indicating consistent positive score changes across all participants. A very strong correlation was found between conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills, indicating a high degree of shared variance between the two. It can be concluded that the CBL e-book on ethnoscience related to colloid materials, developed according to the 4STMD, is a feasible and effective learning material for chemistry. This learning material aligns with the learning curriculum, is scientific, and organizes materials systematically through local wisdom, specifically in the context of tofu wastewater treatment, to enhance students' understanding of concepts and critical thinking skills.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-03-24</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/33866</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jpii.v15i1.33866</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): March 2026</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-4392</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-1286</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jpii.v15i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/33866/8857</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>