Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Jurnal SINTA 1

The Influence of Gender and Problem-Based Learning Model on Students' Numerical Literacy in Chemistry

Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia · Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026)

DOI
10.15294/jpii.v15i1.37300
ISSN
2089-4392, 2339-1286
Published
2026-03-30
Publisher
Universitas Negeri Semarang
Language
eng

Abstract

Chemical numeracy is essential for understanding quantitative concepts in chemistry; however, there are indications of achievement gaps between male and female students. This study aims to analyze the influence of gender on students' numeracy skills when implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group. The study population consisted of Phase F students at three high schools in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The sample comprised 188 students selected through purposive sampling based on initial ability equivalence. The research sample came from three schools, each serving as a research context for different topics: salt hydrolysis (experimental class = 33; control class = 30), reaction rates (experimental class = 35; control class = 35), and chemical equilibrium (experimental class = 26; control class = 29). The research instrument consisted of a chemistry numerical literacy test on reaction rates, chemical equilibrium, and salt hydrolysis, which experts had validated. Instruction in the experimental classes used the PBL model, while the control classes used conventional instruction, as typically implemented in schools. Data were analyzed using the N-gain test, normality test, homogeneity test, and Two-Way ANOVA. Results showed that improvement in numerical literacy in chemistry was greater in PBL classes than in control classes. Statistical analysis indicated that the PBL model had a significant effect on improving numerical literacy in chemistry. Gender was significant in only one school, and the interaction between the learning model and gender was also significant there, suggesting that the model's effectiveness may vary by context. These findings indicate that PBL is effective in enhancing students' numerical literacy in chemistry and imply that chemistry instruction should be designed around problem-solving approaches to develop quantitative reasoning and a contextual understanding of chemical concepts.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

6 authors · 15 co-authorship links · 4 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • Universitas Negeri Padang
  • University of Jyväskylä
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/oai, first harvested 29 Okt 2026, last seen 1 Nov 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en">The Influence of Gender and Problem-Based Learning Model on Students' Numerical Literacy in Chemistry</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Yerimadesi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Andromeda</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Guspatni</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Fauziah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Febrila, Putty Zinda</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Makrooni, Golaleh</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">gender</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">numerical literacy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">chemistry learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">problem-based learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Chemical numeracy is essential for understanding quantitative concepts in chemistry; however, there are indications of achievement gaps between male and female students. This study aims to analyze the influence of gender on students' numeracy skills when implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group. The study population consisted of Phase F students at three high schools in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The sample comprised 188 students selected through purposive sampling based on initial ability equivalence. The research sample came from three schools, each serving as a research context for different topics: salt hydrolysis (experimental class = 33; control class = 30), reaction rates (experimental class = 35; control class = 35), and chemical equilibrium (experimental class = 26; control class = 29). The research instrument consisted of a chemistry numerical literacy test on reaction rates, chemical equilibrium, and salt hydrolysis, which experts had validated. Instruction in the experimental classes used the PBL model, while the control classes used conventional instruction, as typically implemented in schools. Data were analyzed using the N-gain test, normality test, homogeneity test, and Two-Way ANOVA. Results showed that improvement in numerical literacy in chemistry was greater in PBL classes than in control classes. Statistical analysis indicated that the PBL model had a significant effect on improving numerical literacy in chemistry. Gender was significant in only one school, and the interaction between the learning model and gender was also significant there, suggesting that the model's effectiveness may vary by context. These findings indicate that PBL is effective in enhancing students' numerical literacy in chemistry and imply that chemistry instruction should be designed around problem-solving approaches to develop quantitative reasoning and a contextual understanding of chemical concepts.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Universitas Negeri Semarang</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-03-30</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/37300</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15294/jpii.v15i1.37300</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia; Vol. 15 No. 1 (2026): March 2026</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2089-4392</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-1286</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15294/jpii.v15i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.unnes.ac.id/journals/jpii/article/view/37300/8882</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Pendidikan IPA Indonesia</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>