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Development of WO3/TiO2-NT/Ti photoanode for simultaneously POME degradation, electricity generation, and hydrogen production in a photocatalysis-fuel cell system

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development : JRED · Vol. 14 No. 3 (2025) · hlm. 420–428

DOI
10.61435/ijred.2025.60978
ISSN
2252-4940
Terbit
2025-05-01
Penerbit
Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

This research presents a WO₃/TiO₂-NT/Ti photoanode for processing POME waste as well as producing electricity and hydrogen simultaneously. The photoanode in the form of nanocomposites was synthesized using an in-situ anodization method and characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL-Spectra), photocurrent transient, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). The results showed that the WO₃/TiO₂-NT/Ti photoanode with 0.3 g of WO₃ precursor added during anodization exhibited the best PFC performance. The system achieved a COD degradation of 84%, hydrogen production of 11.18 mmol/m², and a maximum power density of 0.0375 mW/cm² under visible light irradiation, outperforming the variations with 0.5 g and 0.78 g WO₃ precursor. The enhanced performance was attributed to the formation of a heterojunction between WO₃ and TiO₂, as confirmed by characterization results and performance tests in COD degradation, electricity generation, and hydrogen production. Meanwhile, the addition of 0.5 g and 0.78 g WO₃ precursor reduced photocatalytic performance, likely due to excessive Na₂WO₄·2H₂O during anodization, which could partially cover the active TiO₂-NT/Ti surface and alter the electrochemical oxidation process. The developed WO₃/TiO₂-NT/Ti photoanode offers a promising solution for simultaneous wastewater treatment, clean hydrogen production, and electricity generation, with potential applications in sustainable palm oil processing industries and future renewable energy technologies.

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  • Sebelas Maret University
  • Universitas Halu Oleo
  • Hasanuddin University
  • Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang
  • Institut Sains dan Bisnis Internasional Singkawang
  • Universitas Sulawesi Tenggara
  • Sanata Dharma University
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Muhammad IbadurrohmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
Reno PratiwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Aji PrasetyaningrumAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Eniya Listiani DewiAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Bakti JosAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Hasrianto HasriantoInstitut Sains dan Bisnis Internasional Singkawang1
Raivel RaivelUniversitas Sulawesi Tenggara1
Dewi AnggrainiUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Rahman TandiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yusuf Musafir KoleworaUniversitas Halu Oleo1
Faisal YunusAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Surdin SurdinUniversitas Halu Oleo1
La HaruduAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Edy SuryantoSebelas Maret University1
Sumarwati SumarwatiSebelas Maret University1
Rahmatika MulyaniSanata Dharma University1
Atikah AnindyariniSebelas Maret University1
Laila Fitri Nur HidayahSebelas Maret University1
Moh. Fajrul AlfienSebelas Maret University1
Tri SuminarAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
I Made SudanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Wasino WasinoTarumanagara University1
Haryono HaryonoUniversitas Bhayangkara Surabaya1
Masrukhi MasrukhiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ibnu Amar MuchsinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Aris SetiawanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Deki Prasetya ArdiansyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Mustika MustikaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Maskun MaskunHasanuddin University1
Supardi SalamAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Puji LestariJenderal Soedirman University1
Zulfina AdrianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Randa KrismonAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Zakki Fuad KhalilAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Putri MarzaniarAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Development of WO3/TiO2-NT/Ti photoanode for simultaneously POME degradation, electricity generation, and hydrogen production in a photocatalysis-fuel cell system</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Bachri, M. Febriansyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Husein, Saddam</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Susanto, Bambang Heru</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ratnawati, Ratnawati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Slamet, Slamet</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Electricity Generation; Hydrogen Production; Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME); Photocatalysis-Fuel Cell; WO3/TiO2-NT/Ti Photoanode</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">This research presents a WO₃/TiO₂-NT/Ti photoanode for processing POME waste as well as producing electricity and hydrogen simultaneously. The photoanode in the form of nanocomposites was synthesized using an in-situ anodization method and characterized using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray (FESEM-EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Photoluminescence Spectroscopy (PL-Spectra), photocurrent transient, X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and UV-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS). The results showed that the WO₃/TiO₂-NT/Ti photoanode with 0.3 g of WO₃ precursor added during anodization exhibited the best PFC performance. The system achieved a COD degradation of 84%, hydrogen production of 11.18 mmol/m², and a maximum power density of 0.0375 mW/cm² under visible light irradiation, outperforming the variations with 0.5 g and 0.78 g WO₃ precursor. The enhanced performance was attributed to the formation of a heterojunction between WO₃ and TiO₂, as confirmed by characterization results and performance tests in COD degradation, electricity generation, and hydrogen production. Meanwhile, the addition of 0.5 g and 0.78 g WO₃ precursor reduced photocatalytic performance, likely due to excessive Na₂WO₄·2H₂O during anodization, which could partially cover the active TiO₂-NT/Ti surface and alter the electrochemical oxidation process. The developed WO₃/TiO₂-NT/Ti photoanode offers a promising solution for simultaneous wastewater treatment, clean hydrogen production, and electricity generation, with potential applications in sustainable palm oil processing industries and future renewable energy technologies.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Center of Biomass &amp; Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-05-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US"></dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/60978</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.61435/ijred.2025.60978</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Renewable Energy Development; Vol 14, No 3 (2025): May 2025; 420-428</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-4940</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/60978/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>