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Toward eco-friendly dye-sensitized solar cells: Developing chitosan-based electrolytes with conducting polymers and ionic liquids

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development : JRED · Vol. 14 No. 4 (2025) · hlm. 727–739

DOI
10.61435/ijred.2025.61085
ISSN
2252-4940
Terbit
2025-07-01
Penerbit
Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Optimization of chitosan-based gel electrolytes modified with conducting polymers and ionic liquids for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) has been done to improve its electrochemical activity. The effects of iodide salts, 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (PMII), and polyaniline incorporation on the electrochemical properties of chitosan-based electrolyte, as well as its performance as a quasi-solid electrolyte in DSSC, were systematically investigated. A study on the effect of different iodide salts on the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte was conducted by employing various iodide salts (lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, or cesium iodide). Electrolytes with various amounts of PMII and polyaniline were also prepared. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) analysis were conducted to study the effect of iodide salts, PMII, and polyaniline on the change in intermolecular interaction of the chitosan matrix. The ionic conductivity and the redox activity of the chitosan-based electrolyte were respectively evaluated using conductometry and cyclic voltammetry analysis. It is found that the larger cation size of the iodide salts and a higher amount of PMII resulted in both higher intensity of the redox peak current and conductivity of the electrolyte. Those two characteristics increase with the presence of polyaniline, but the low transparency of this polyaniline-based electrolyte lowers the solar cell’s efficiency. The highest performance DSSC utilizing a chitosan/KI-PMII based electrolyte resulted in a Voc of 0.402 V, Jsc of 0.335 mA/cm², fill factor (FF) of 0.432, and an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.058%. This efficiency is approximately one-third that of the conventional liquid electrolyte-based DSSC. The optimized chitosan-based electrolyte offers promising performance in replacing the low-stability liquid electrolyte-based DSSC.

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  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • State University of Semarang
  • Indonesia Defense University
  • Sumatera Institute of Technology
  • Diponegoro University
  • Universitas Jambi
  • Sriwijaya University
  • Organisasi lain
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Fajar Inggit PambudiUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Basuki RahmatIndonesia Defense University2
Bambang RusdiarsoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Dwi SiswantaUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Alimin AliminUniversitas Halu Oleo2
Narsito NarsitoUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Kuwat TriyanaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Chotimah ChotimahUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Aditya RianjanuSumatera Institute of Technology1
Bimo WinardiantoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Misbachul MunirUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Sutarno SutarnoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Mita PatmawatiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Tika Dwi UtariUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Adi DarmawanDiponegoro University1
Lathifah Puji HastutiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ahmad KusumaatmajaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ngatijo NgatijoUniversitas Jambi1
TriyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
RodiansonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Suryo PurwonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ady MaraSriwijaya University1
Wega TrisunaryantiUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Karna WijayaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Amsal BudiyansahUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Andung Bayu SekaranomUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Dian Hudawan SantosoUniversitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta1
Yuichi KamiyaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Suyanta SuyantaYogyakarta State University1
Nuryono NuryonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Rakhma Amalia NurdinaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Sri KadarwatiState University of Semarang1
Sri WahyuniState University of Semarang1
Busroni BusroniUniversitas Jember1
Jumina JuminaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Toward eco-friendly dye-sensitized solar cells: Developing chitosan-based electrolytes with conducting polymers and ionic liquids</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Hatmanto, Adhi Dwi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Puspitaningrum, Indah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Christina Tefa, Yoan Nikita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Santosa, Sri Juari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kartini, Indriana</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">DSSC; chitosan; electrolyte; polyaniline; ionic liquid</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Optimization of chitosan-based gel electrolytes modified with conducting polymers and ionic liquids for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) has been done to improve its electrochemical activity. The effects of iodide salts, 1-propyl-3-methylimidazolium iodide (PMII), and polyaniline incorporation on the electrochemical properties of chitosan-based electrolyte, as well as its performance as a quasi-solid electrolyte in DSSC, were systematically investigated. A study on the effect of different iodide salts on the electrochemical properties of the electrolyte was conducted by employing various iodide salts (lithium iodide, sodium iodide, potassium iodide, or cesium iodide). Electrolytes with various amounts of PMII and polyaniline were also prepared. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform-infrared (FTIR) analysis were conducted to study the effect of iodide salts, PMII, and polyaniline on the change in intermolecular interaction of the chitosan matrix. The ionic conductivity and the redox activity of the chitosan-based electrolyte were respectively evaluated using conductometry and cyclic voltammetry analysis. It is found that the larger cation size of the iodide salts and a higher amount of PMII resulted in both higher intensity of the redox peak current and conductivity of the electrolyte. Those two characteristics increase with the presence of polyaniline, but the low transparency of this polyaniline-based electrolyte lowers the solar cell’s efficiency. The highest performance DSSC utilizing a chitosan/KI-PMII based electrolyte resulted in a Voc of 0.402 V, Jsc of 0.335 mA/cm², fill factor (FF) of 0.432, and an overall power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.058%. This efficiency is approximately one-third that of the conventional liquid electrolyte-based DSSC. The optimized chitosan-based electrolyte offers promising performance in replacing the low-stability liquid electrolyte-based DSSC.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Center of Biomass &amp; Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-07-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US"></dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/61085</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.61435/ijred.2025.61085</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Renewable Energy Development; Vol 14, No 4 (2025): July 2025; 727-739</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-4940</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/61085/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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