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The effect of different surface functionalization of SBA-15 catalysts on the production of C16 bio-aviation fuel precursor

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development : JRED · Vol. 15 No. 3 (2026) · hlm. 486–494

DOI
10.61435/ijred.2026.61977
ISSN
2252-4940
Terbit
2026-05-01
Penerbit
Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

The increasing global demand for sustainable aviation fuels has driven extensive research on developing efficient heterogeneous catalysts. This study investigates the effect of different surface functionalization methods of mesoporous SBA-15 on its catalytic activity for the production of a C16 precursor of bio-aviation fuel. The SBA-15 surfaces were modified by two acid functionalization routes, namely sulfonation and sulfation, to enhance its surface acidity and catalytic activity. Sulfonation was carried out using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) followed by oxidation to obtain the SO3H–SBA-15 catalyst containing sulfonic acid groups (–SO3H), while sulfation using ammonium sulfate as a precursor produced the SO4–SBA-15 catalyst containing sulfate groups (SO42-). Both catalysts were characterized using NH3-TPD and acid-base titration to quantify the total acidity. The catalytic performance was evaluated through hydroxyalkylation-alkylation (HAA) reaction between 2-methylfuran (2-MF) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) to synthesize a C16 bio-aviation fuel precursor, 5,5′-(4-methylpentane-2,2-diyl) bis(2-methylfuran) abbreviated as MPM. The results revealed that both modification methods effectively increased the total acid of SBA-15. However, the sulfated SBA-15 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity and stronger acid strength than the sulfonated one due to formation of more acid sites on its surface. Therefore, the sulfation route was identified as a more effective strategy for developing highly active solid acid catalysts. This research demonstrates the superior properties of sulfated mesoporous SBA-15 as a promising and sustainable heterogenous catalyst for converting biomass-derived platform chemicals into advanced C16 bio-aviation fuel precursors.

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  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Institut Teknologi Kalimantan
  • Padjadjaran University
  • University of Indonesia
  • Universitas Jambi
  • State University of Jakarta
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Muhammad Al MuttaqiiNational Research and Innovation Agency3
Aldino Javier SaviolaUniversitas Gadjah Mada3
Karna WijayaUniversitas Gadjah Mada3
Marini Fairuz VebryanaUniversitas Gadjah Mada3
Lenny MarlindaUniversitas Jambi3
Abdul AzizInstitut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember3
Peri OktiarmiUniversitas Jambi2
Sugeng PriyantoState University of Jakarta2
Maja Pranata MarbunAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Adyatma BhagaskaraUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Yuni Krisyuningsih KrisnandiUniversity of Indonesia2
Vera PermatasariNational Research and Innovation Agency2
Erik Budi SantikoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Sarah Nur FauziahUniversitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta1
Yustinah YustinahUniversitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta1
S. SudibyoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Sugeng PriyantoState University of Jakarta1
Tri MaryaniUniversitas Semarang1
Triastuti SulistyaningsihState University of Semarang1
Sudibyo SudibyoNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Andreas SibueaLampung University1
Wasinton SimanjuntakLampung University1
Fuad SyafaatInstitut Teknologi Kalimantan1
Havier Samuel Huttur Silalahi RajaInstitut Teknologi Kalimantan1
Riza AlvianyInstitut Teknologi Kalimantan1
Erik PrasetyoIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Latifah HauliNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Niko PrasetyoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Wahyu Dita SaputriNational Research and Innovation Agency1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The effect of different surface functionalization of SBA-15 catalysts on the production of C16 bio-aviation fuel precursor</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Yati, Indri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Mukhayani, Feri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Salsabila, Denisa Fitri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kurnia, Irwan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Al Muttaqii, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Amin, Amalia Kurnia</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Adany, Fildzah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tachrim, Zetryana Puteri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Andreani, Agustina Sus</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Jawad, Ali H</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ridwan, Muhammad</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">SBA-15; sulfation; sulfonation; hydroxyalkylation-alkylation (HAA) reaction; C16 bio-aviation fuel</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The increasing global demand for sustainable aviation fuels has driven extensive research on developing efficient heterogeneous catalysts. This study investigates the effect of different surface functionalization methods of mesoporous SBA-15 on its catalytic activity for the production of a C16 precursor of bio-aviation fuel. The SBA-15 surfaces were modified by two acid functionalization routes, namely sulfonation and sulfation, to enhance its surface acidity and catalytic activity. Sulfonation was carried out using 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) followed by oxidation to obtain the SO3H–SBA-15 catalyst containing sulfonic acid groups (–SO3H), while sulfation using ammonium sulfate as a precursor produced the SO4–SBA-15 catalyst containing sulfate groups (SO42-). Both catalysts were characterized using NH3-TPD and acid-base titration to quantify the total acidity. The catalytic performance was evaluated through hydroxyalkylation-alkylation (HAA) reaction between 2-methylfuran (2-MF) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) to synthesize a C16 bio-aviation fuel precursor, 5,5′-(4-methylpentane-2,2-diyl) bis(2-methylfuran) abbreviated as MPM. The results revealed that both modification methods effectively increased the total acid of SBA-15. However, the sulfated SBA-15 catalyst exhibited superior catalytic activity and stronger acid strength than the sulfonated one due to formation of more acid sites on its surface. Therefore, the sulfation route was identified as a more effective strategy for developing highly active solid acid catalysts. This research demonstrates the superior properties of sulfated mesoporous SBA-15 as a promising and sustainable heterogenous catalyst for converting biomass-derived platform chemicals into advanced C16 bio-aviation fuel precursors.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Center of Biomass &amp; Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-05-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/61977</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.61435/ijred.2026.61977</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Renewable Energy Development; Vol 15, No 3 (2026): May 2026; 486-494</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-4940</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/61977/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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