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Embedded Deep Learning System for Classification of Car Make and Model

Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi (JIKI) · Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023) · pp. 69–75

DOI
10.21609/jiki.v16i1.1118
ISSN
2502-9274, 2088-7051
Published
2023-03-01
Publisher
Faculty of Computer Science - Universitas Indonesia
Language
eng

Abstract

Automatic car make, and model classification is essential to support activities of intelligent traffic systems in urban areas, such as surveillance, traffic information collection, statistics, etc. In order to classify this data, we need an embedded system approach for real-time car recognition. Many approaches could be made, from image processing to machine learning. Recently, the development of the Convolutional Neural Network has spurred various research in the Area. ResNet, Inception, DenseNet, and NasNet are some of the most commonly used Neural Network based method that is used to classify images. In this research, these Neural Network methods are going to be compared in classifying vehicle make and model in the Stanford dataset. The dataset contains 196 different labels. Several evaluation metrics are used to compare the performance of the methods. From the experiment, the InceptionV3 method achieved the best performance of the AUROC ratio for training the dataset under 50 epochs. Other methods that achieve a high AUROC value tends to have a higher computational time. Real-time simulations have shown that the embedded system is capable of classifying a 100 % success rate for six concurrent users.

Keywords

Collaboration network of the authors

17 authors · 43 co-authorship links · 13 across different organisations

Hover or tap a name to highlight its co-authors. Double-click to open the author's page.

  • University of Indonesia
  • Pelita Harapan University
  • KTH Royal Institute of Technology
  • Utah State University
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Different organisations
  • Same organisation
  • Affiliation unknown
  • Thicker line = more joint articles · bigger circle = more articles
Show as table
Co-authorOrganisationJoint articles
Machmud Roby AlhamidiUniversity of Indonesia2
Dwi PurnomoAffiliation unknown2
Benny HardjonoPelita Harapan University2
Ratna RustamadjiUniversity of Indonesia1
Miesje Karmiati PurwanegaraUniversity of Indonesia1
Novian HabibieUniversity of Indonesia1
Grafika JatiUniversity of Indonesia1
Muhammad Iqbal TawakalKTH Royal Institute of Technology1
Dwi Marhaendro Jati PurnomoUniversity of Indonesia1
Ahmad ArinaldiUniversity of Indonesia1
Dwi Teguh PriyantiniUniversity of Indonesia1
Andreas FebrianUtah State University1
Rafif Naufal RahmadikaAffiliation unknown1

Affiliations come from OpenAlex; journal OAI-PMH metadata carries none. Authors without an OpenAlex ID are matched by name, which can merge or split people.

Metadata source: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jiki.cs.ui.ac.id/index.php/jiki/oai, first harvested 26 Okt 2026, last seen 26 Okt 2026.
Original metadata (oai_dc)
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Embedded Deep Learning System for Classification of Car Make and Model</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Wibisono, Ari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Arief Wisesa, Hanif</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Bagus Wicaksono, Satria</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khatya Fahira, Puteri</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Embedded System Classification</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Embedded Deep Learning</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Car Classification</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Automatic car make, and model classification is essential to support activities of intelligent traffic systems in urban areas, such as surveillance, traffic information collection, statistics, etc. In order to classify this data, we need an embedded system approach for real-time car recognition. Many approaches could be made, from image processing to machine learning. Recently, the development of the Convolutional Neural Network has spurred various research in the Area. ResNet, Inception, DenseNet, and NasNet are some of the most commonly used Neural Network based method that is used to classify images. In this research, these Neural Network methods are going to be compared in classifying vehicle make and model in the Stanford dataset. The dataset contains 196 different labels. Several evaluation metrics are used to compare the performance of the methods. From the experiment, the InceptionV3 method achieved the best performance of the AUROC ratio for training the dataset under 50 epochs. Other methods that achieve a high AUROC value tends to have a higher computational time. Real-time simulations have shown that the embedded system is capable of classifying a 100 % success rate for six concurrent users.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Faculty of Computer Science  - Universitas Indonesia</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-03-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://jiki.cs.ui.ac.id/index.php/jiki/article/view/1118</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.21609/jiki.v16i1.1118</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi; Vol. 16 No. 1 (2023): Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi (Journal of Computer Science and Information); 69-75</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-9274</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2088-7051</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.21609/jiki.v16i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jiki.cs.ui.ac.id/index.php/jiki/article/view/1118/489</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Ilmu Komputer dan Informasi</dc:rights>
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