Karakteristik Morfometrik Sapi Madura Betina Tipe Sonok

Abstract

ABSTRAKSapi madura merupakan sumber daya genetik rumpun asli lokal Indonesia. Pengukuran morfometrik dan fenotip kualitatif bermanfaat untuk menentukan asal usul dan hubungan filogenetik antara species bangsa dan tipe ternak. Profil morfometrik dapat memperkirakan karakteristik fenotipik atau ciri khas sapi sonok diantara sub populasi sebagai pusat pembiakan dan menggali potensi sapi sonok sesuai kelompok bibit sesuai standart bibit sapi Madura. Penelitian selama 3 bulan dengan lokasi kecamatan Pasean, Batumarmar, dan Waru Kabupaten Pamekasan. Materi 162 ekor sapi madura tipe sonok peserta kontes. Metode penelitian adalah metode survei, penentuan lokasi berdasarkan purposive sampling, teknik pengambilan data secara purposive sampling. Data morfologi kuantitatif dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Komponen Utama (AKU), fenotipe kualitatif secara diskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan karakteristik kualitatif telah sesuai dengan SNI No.7651-2 (2013) dan SNI No.7651-2:2020. Hasil pendekatan Analisis Komponen Utama (AKU) sapi Madura tipe sonok dilokasi Waru, Pasean, dan Batumarmar menjadi kelompok tersendiri. Penciri spesifik sapi madura tipe sonok adalah arah tanduk keatas mengarah kedalam, mata sipit, punuk besar, bergelambir dengan lipatan-lipatan dan diantara kedua kaki depan terdapat jaringan otot yang menonjol.Kata Kunci: sapi madura, morfometrik, sonokMorphometric characteristics of Sonok Type Madura CowsABSTRACTMadura cattle are the genetic resources of Indonesia native cattle breeds. Morphometric and qualitative phenotype measurements are important in determining the origin and phylogenic relationships between species, breed, and type of cattle. Morphometric profiles can be used to estimate phenotypical charecteristic or special features of Sonok cattle among the sub population as the breeding center and explore the potential of Sonok cattle as standard for Madura cattle breed. This research was conducted for 3 months at Pasean, Batumarmar, and Waru sub districts of Pamekasan District. The materials used for this research were 162 Sonok type Madura cattle which are enrolled for cattle contest. The methods used were survey by purposive sampling both on location and data selection. Quantitative morphology data was analysed by main coponent analysis and qualitative phenotypedata was analysed descriptively. The results of this research indicate that the qualitative characteristics of Sonok type Madura cattle is as required by SNI No.7651-2 (2013) and SNI No.7651-2:2020. Main component analysis results show that Sonok type Madura cattle located at Waru, Pasean, and Batumarmar are specific group of cattle. The specific characteristics of sonok type Madura cattle are the inner-towards horns, slit-eye, big hump, and flaky skin in between the forelegs with protruding muscle fibers.Keywords: madura cattle, morphometrics, sonok