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Synthesis and Characterization of Physically Mixed V2O5.CaO as Bifunctional Catalyst for Methyl Ester Production from Waste Cooking Oil

International Journal of Renewable Energy Development : JRED · Vol. 12 No. 2 (2023) · hlm. 381–389

DOI
10.14710/ijred.2023.51047
ISSN
2252-4940
Terbit
2023-03-15
Penerbit
Center of Biomass & Renewable Energy (CBIORE)
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Synthesis of the solid bifunctional vanadium-calcium mixed oxides catalyst was accomplished by application of a simple physical mixing approach. In this work, we compared the catalytic activity of CaO and 2%V2O5.CaO catalyst. Various characterization methods, such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), BET surface area, and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of CO2 and NH3, were involved in studying the newly synthesized catalysts. The presence of CaO, CaCO3, and Ca(OH)2 compounds in the synthesized catalyst were detected by XRD and FTIR analysis. The existence of 2% V2O5 on the CaO catalyst surface was demonstrated by XRF analysis. From TPD-NH3, TPD-CO2, and BET surface area analysis, it was known that the 2% V2O5-CaO catalyst had a higher total number of acid-base sites and surface area than the CaO catalyst. In the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production from waste cooking oil (WCO) with higher free fatty acid (FFA), CaO could only catalyze the transesterification reaction. In contrast, 2%V2O5-CaO could successfully catalyze both the esterification of FFA and the transesterification of triglyceride (TG) simultaneously in a one-step reaction process. Thus, these results prove that 2%V2O5.CaO can act as a bifunctional catalyst in the production of biodiesel from WCO. Moreover, the synthesized 2%V2O5.CaO catalyst could achieve a maximum FAME yield of 51.30% under mild reaction conditions, including a 20:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 60 °C reaction temperature, 1 wt% of catalyst loading, and 3 hours of reaction time.

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  • Diponegoro University
  • Walisongo State Islamic University
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
  • State University of Semarang
  • Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Luqman BuchoriDiponegoro University8
Didi Dwi AnggoroDiponegoro University6
Hadiyanto HadiyantoDiponegoro University5
Nor Aishah Saidina AminUniversity of Technology Malaysia3
Purwanto PurwantoDiponegoro University3
Aji PrasetyaningrumDiponegoro University2
Bakti JosDiponegoro University2
Teguh RiyantoDiponegoro University2
Dessy AriyantiDiponegoro University2
Kusmiyati KusmiyatiMuhammadiyah University of Surakarta2
Suherman SuhermanDiponegoro University2
Roudloh Muna LiaState University of Semarang1
Wirda UdaibahWalisongo State Islamic University1
Ulya LathifaWalisongo State Islamic University1
Siti ChanifahWalisongo State Islamic University1
Dorothy Hoo Wei LingUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Udin MabruroDiponegoro University1
Bintang Ayu KalimantiniDiponegoro University1
Utami InshaniDiponegoro University1
Roikhatus SolikhahDiponegoro University1
Ardian Dwi YudhistiraDiponegoro University1
Bambang PramudonoDiponegoro University1
Slamet PriyantoDiponegoro University1
Sri Puji LestariDiponegoro University1
Yudhy DharmawanDiponegoro University1
Ratnawati RatnawatiDiponegoro University1
New Pei YeeUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Cokorda Satrya PramanaDiponegoro University1
Amalia Rizqi RamadhaniDiponegoro University1
Rahmat GernowoDiponegoro University1
Heri MulyantiDiponegoro University1
Herma Dina SetiabudiUniversiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah1
Aprilina PurbasariDiponegoro University1
I Nyoman WidiasaDiponegoro University1
Viona SyifaDiponegoro University1
Farida Diyah HapsariDiponegoro University1
S. SilvianaDiponegoro University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/oai, pertama di-harvest 8 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 8 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Synthesis and Characterization of Physically Mixed V2O5.CaO as Bifunctional Catalyst for Methyl Ester Production from Waste Cooking Oil</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Mulyatun, Mulyatun</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Istadi, Istadi</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Widayat, Widayat</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">physically mixed; bifunctional catalyst; waste cooking oil; simultaneous esterification-transesterification; methyl ester</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Synthesis of the solid bifunctional vanadium-calcium mixed oxides catalyst was accomplished by application of a simple physical mixing approach. In this work, we compared the catalytic activity of CaO and 2%V2O5.CaO catalyst. Various characterization methods, such as X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), BET surface area, and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of CO2 and NH3, were involved in studying the newly synthesized catalysts. The presence of CaO, CaCO3, and Ca(OH)2 compounds in the synthesized catalyst were detected by XRD and FTIR analysis. The existence of 2% V2O5 on the CaO catalyst surface was demonstrated by XRF analysis. From TPD-NH3, TPD-CO2, and BET surface area analysis, it was known that the 2% V2O5-CaO catalyst had a higher total number of acid-base sites and surface area than the CaO catalyst. In the fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) production from waste cooking oil (WCO) with higher free fatty acid (FFA), CaO could only catalyze the transesterification reaction. In contrast, 2%V2O5-CaO could successfully catalyze both the esterification of FFA and the transesterification of triglyceride (TG) simultaneously in a one-step reaction process. Thus, these results prove that 2%V2O5.CaO can act as a bifunctional catalyst in the production of biodiesel from WCO. Moreover, the synthesized 2%V2O5.CaO catalyst could achieve a maximum FAME yield of 51.30% under mild reaction conditions, including a 20:1 methanol to oil molar ratio, 60 °C reaction temperature, 1 wt% of catalyst loading, and 3 hours of reaction time.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Center of Biomass &amp; Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-03-15</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
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	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/51047</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.14710/ijred.2023.51047</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">International Journal of Renewable Energy Development; Vol 12, No 2 (2023): March 2023; 381-389</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2252-4940</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/51047/pdf</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2023 The Author(s). Published by Centre of Biomass and Renewable Energy (CBIORE)</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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