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Structural Inequality of Land Ownership in Indonesia: A Justice-Based Legal Perspective

JURNAL HUKUM · Vol. 42 No. 1 (2026) · hlm. 202–230

DOI
10.26532/jh.v42i1.47808
ISSN
2723-6668, 1412-2723
Terbit
2026-04-11
Penerbit
Unissula
Bahasa
en

Abstrak

Structural inequality in land ownership remains a pressing issue in Indonesia, where control over vast land areas is concentrated among corporations and elites, while many communities continue to face limited access to agrarian resources. This condition contributes to poverty, social vulnerability, and recurring agrarian conflicts across regions. This research aims to analyze the phenomenon of structural inequality in land ownership through a justice-based perspective, examining its root causes and assessing the effectiveness of existing agrarian policies. Using a normative juridical method with statute and conceptual approaches, the study reviews legal frameworks, policy documents, and academic literature to provide a comprehensive evaluation. The findings indicate that overlapping regulations, weak recognition of customary rights, pro-investment legal reforms, and limited public participation have hindered equitable land governance. Agrarian Reform policies have also fallen short, particularly in achieving meaningful redistribution, strengthening community rights, and providing adequate conflict resolution mechanisms. The study concludes that reducing structural inequality requires strengthening justice-oriented legal norms, improving coherence among agrarian regulations, enhancing recognition of local and customary rights, and ensuring more inclusive participation in policy implementation.

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19 penulis · 43 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 27 lintas organisasi

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  • Pancasila University
  • Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan
  • Universitas Kristen Indonesia
  • Nanyang Technological University
  • University of Groningen
  • The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn
  • Sultan Agung Islamic University
  • Organisasi lain
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Hulman PanjaitanUniversitas Kristen Indonesia2
Sri Ratu Ratna IntanPancasila University1
Agus SuronoPancasila University1
Tetti SamosirPancasila University1
Ibrahim Abyan LoftusUniversity of Groningen1
Abu Hena Mostofa KamalThe Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn1
Dhaniswara K. HarjonoUniversitas Kristen Indonesia1
Moermahadi SoerjadjanegaraInstitut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan1
Hendra SusantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Gunarto GunartoSultan Agung Islamic University1
Adies KadirAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Md Adnan KabirUniversity of Trento1
Md Hasnath Kabir FahimUniversity of New Haven1
Moermahadi Soerja DjanegaraInstitut Bisnis dan Informatika Kesatuan1
Bernard NainggolanUniversitas Kristen Indonesia1
Keisha Dearin DafaUniversity of Toronto Scarborough1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/jurnalhukum/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en">Structural Inequality of Land Ownership in Indonesia: A Justice-Based Legal Perspective</dc:title>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Iriantoro, Agung</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Girsang, Junimart</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator xml:lang="en">Suwarno, Suwarno</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agrarian Justice</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Agrarian Reform</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Land Ownership</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Land Policy</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en">Structural Inequality.</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en">Structural inequality in land ownership remains a pressing issue in Indonesia, where control over vast land areas is concentrated among corporations and elites, while many communities continue to face limited access to agrarian resources. This condition contributes to poverty, social vulnerability, and recurring agrarian conflicts across regions. This research aims to analyze the phenomenon of structural inequality in land ownership through a justice-based perspective, examining its root causes and assessing the effectiveness of existing agrarian policies. Using a normative juridical method with statute and conceptual approaches, the study reviews legal frameworks, policy documents, and academic literature to provide a comprehensive evaluation. The findings indicate that overlapping regulations, weak recognition of customary rights, pro-investment legal reforms, and limited public participation have hindered equitable land governance. Agrarian Reform policies have also fallen short, particularly in achieving meaningful redistribution, strengthening community rights, and providing adequate conflict resolution mechanisms. The study concludes that reducing structural inequality requires strengthening justice-oriented legal norms, improving coherence among agrarian regulations, enhancing recognition of local and customary rights, and ensuring more inclusive participation in policy implementation.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en">Unissula</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-04-11</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:type xml:lang="en">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/jurnalhukum/article/view/47808</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.26532/jh.v42i1.47808</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en">Jurnal Hukum; Vol. 42 No. 1 (2026): Jurnal Hukum; 202-230</dc:source>
	<dc:source xml:lang="id">Jurnal Hukum; Vol 42 No 1 (2026): Jurnal Hukum; 202-230</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2723-6668</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1412-2723</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.26532/jh.v42i1</dc:source>
	<dc:language>en</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.unissula.ac.id/index.php/jurnalhukum/article/view/47808/15864</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en">Copyright (c) 2026 Agung Iriantoro</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>