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Analysis of Milking Hygiene and Its Association to Staphylococcus Aureus Contamination in Fresh Cow Milk

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health) · Vol. 15 No. 4 (2023) · hlm. 275–282

DOI
10.20473/jkl.v15i4.2023.275-282
ISSN
2540-881X, 1829-7285
Terbit
2023-10-31
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus foodborne disease is caused by the consumption of food contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins. Milk is a type of food that contains many nutrients but is susceptible to contamination by Staphylococcus aureus. Jember is one of the districts in East Java that produces cow milk. Previous research showed that the level of milk consumption in the community in 2018 was 3.1 kg/capita/year and 42% consumed pasteurized milk, which has lower quality and may still be contaminated with bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between milking hygiene and Staphylococcus aureus contamination. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 36 cow milkers with traditional milking, selected by total sampling. The independent variable was milking hygiene and the dependent variable was Staphylococcus aureus contamination. Milking hygiene practice data were collected through direct observation using a questionnaire. Staphylococcus aureus contamination data were tested using Total Plate Count (TPC) and identified using Gram staining and catalase tests. Results and Discussion: The TPC test results showed that 61.1% of cow's milk fulfilled the Indonesian National Standard for Staphylococcus aureus contamination. There was a relationship between milking hygiene and Staphylococcus aureus contamination. The most influential milking hygiene was cage, udder, and teat hygiene. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus contamination did not meet the standards. Therefore, improving the sanitation and hygiene of cages, as well as udder and teat hygiene by dairy farmers, is necessary.

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  • Universitas Jember
  • University of Brawijaya
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Sam Ratulangi University
  • North Sumatra Islamic University
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  • Organisasi berbeda
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Diana Chusna MufidaUniversitas Jember8
Muhammad Ali ShodikinUniversitas Jember7
Muhammad Afiful JauhaniUniversitas Jember6
Yudha NurdianUniversitas Jember6
Elvia Rahmi Marga PutriUniversitas Jember4
Enny SuswatiUniversitas Jember4
Angga Mardro RaharjoUniversitas Jember4
Laily NurhayatiUniversitas Jember3
Nanda NuramnaUniversitas Jember3
Angga Mardro RahardjoAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Dwita Aryadina RachmawatiUniversitas Jember3
Rafindra RamadhaniUniversitas Jember3
Ida Srisurani Wiji AstutiUniversitas Airlangga3
Rahadinda Mutia Dhamar DrajadUniversitas Jember3
Begawan Sa'baniUniversitas Jember3
Kristianningrum Dian SofianaUniversitas Jember3
Antonius Dwi SaputraUniversitas Jember3
Siti ZulaikhaUniversitas Airlangga2
Ali HabibiUniversitas Jember2
Nurul Indah SaffanahUniversitas Jember1
Niniek BurhanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Erma SulistyaningsihUniversitas Jember1
Hidayat SujutiUniversity of Brawijaya1
Agustina Tri EndhartiUniversity of Brawijaya1
Loeki Enggar FitriUniversity of Brawijaya1
Didi CandradikusumaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Samsul ArifinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Josef S. B. TudaSam Ratulangi University1
Umar ZeinNorth Sumatra Islamic University1
Isa Ma’rufiUniversitas Jember1
Nanik KurniyatiUniversitas Jember1
Diana Chusna MufidaUniversitas Jember1
Angga Mardro RaharjoUniversitas Jember1
Karenzha IftinanUniversitas Jember1
Masrahma Reinataya De RornaUniversitas Jember1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Analysis of Milking Hygiene and Its Association to Staphylococcus Aureus Contamination in Fresh Cow Milk</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Yulianto, Nurus Saffana </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Armiyanti, Yunita </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Agustina, Dini </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hermansyah, Bagus </dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Utami, Wiwien Sugih </dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Milking hygiene</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Staphylococcus aureus contamination</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: Staphylococcus aureus foodborne disease is caused by the consumption of food contaminated with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins. Milk is a type of food that contains many nutrients but is susceptible to contamination by Staphylococcus aureus. Jember is one of the districts in East Java that produces cow milk. Previous research showed that the level of milk consumption in the community in 2018 was 3.1 kg/capita/year and 42% consumed pasteurized milk, which has lower quality and may still be contaminated with bacteria. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between milking hygiene and Staphylococcus aureus contamination. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 36 cow milkers with traditional milking, selected by total sampling. The independent variable was milking hygiene and the dependent variable was Staphylococcus aureus contamination. Milking hygiene practice data were collected through direct observation using a questionnaire. Staphylococcus aureus contamination data were tested using Total Plate Count (TPC) and identified using Gram staining and catalase tests. Results and Discussion: The TPC test results showed that 61.1% of cow's milk fulfilled the Indonesian National Standard for Staphylococcus aureus contamination. There was a relationship between milking hygiene and Staphylococcus aureus contamination. The most influential milking hygiene was cage, udder, and teat hygiene. Conclusion: Staphylococcus aureus contamination did not meet the standards. Therefore, improving the sanitation and hygiene of cages, as well as udder and teat hygiene by dairy farmers, is necessary.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2023-10-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/44653</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jkl.v15i4.2023.275-282</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ; Vol. 15 No. 4 (2023): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN; 275-282</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-881X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1829-7285</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/44653/26533</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/44653/26534</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>