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Comparison of Chronic Heavy Metal Contamination Level in the Body Between Chemical Pesticide Sprayers and General Public Around Agricultural Areas

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health) · Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025) · hlm. 54–59

DOI
10.20473/jkl.v17i1.2025.54-59
ISSN
2540-881X, 1829-7285
Terbit
2025-01-31
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: The increasing use of chemical pesticides in agriculture raises concerns about heavy metal exposure. This study compares chronic heavy metal contamination levels (Pb, Cd, Cr6+) in the urine of pesticide sprayers and the general public in agricultural areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 100 respondents, equally divided between sprayers and the general public, was conducted. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, and laboratory tests. Heavy metal levels in urine were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Factors like age, work duration, spraying frequency, and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use were examined through Mann-Whitney and linear regression tests. Results and Discussion: Pesticide sprayers had significantly higher mean levels of Pb (0.084 mg/kg), Cd (0.010 mg/kg), and Cr6+ (0.010 mg/kg) than the general public. Key contributors to this accumulation included age, working hours, and the number of pesticide mixtures used. Inadequate PPE use and long exposure times were common, leading to health complaints such as nausea, vomiting, and headaches, indicating the harmful effects of pesticide exposure. Conclusion: Pesticide sprayers are at greater risk of heavy metal accumulation due to prolonged exposure and poor safety measures. Improving PPE use and reducing exposure are critical to minimizing health risks from heavy metal contamination. Awareness campaigns are necessary to protect agricultural workers.

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  • Universitas Airlangga
  • UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Ririh YudhastutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui7
Nafi'atul IrbahAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Shamsul Bahari ShamsudinAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Lilis SulistyoriniAfiliasi tidak diketahui5
R AzizahAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Muhammad Rasyid RidhaAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Hari Basuki NotobrotoAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Rahmat DapariAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Diva Alishya ShafwahAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Babucarr JasseyAfiliasi tidak diketahui4
Milada Mohammad RavsanjanieAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Najihah Hanisah BTE MarmayaAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Eka Saul ManuelAfiliasi tidak diketahui3
Azmi Nur FadlillahUniversitas Airlangga2
Nahdhiah Khoirun NisaUniversitas Airlangga2
I Gde Raju Sathya MurtiUniversitas Airlangga2
Asriani MuflihahUniversitas Airlangga2
Retno AndriyaniUniversitas Airlangga2
Ratnaningtyas Wahyu Kusuma WardaniUniversitas Airlangga2
Edza Aria WikurendraAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Amira Dhisa FakhiraAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Imre NagyAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Nour Salah Mohammad AbdeljawadAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Mochamad Rizal MaulanaUniversitas Airlangga1
Fransisca SusilastutiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Siswati SiswatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Hanien FirmansyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lulukatin NasikhahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Moch Irfan HadiUIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya1
Izza MahendraAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sigit Ari SaputroAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Syahrul Afifa Ratna SariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ranimas Ayu WulandariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Juliana Binti JalaludinAfiliasi tidak diketahui1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Comparison of Chronic Heavy Metal Contamination Level in the Body Between Chemical Pesticide Sprayers and General Public Around Agricultural Areas</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Renaningtyas Nityasani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Khuliyah Candraning Diyanah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Wicaksono, Rania Ichwana</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Muhammad Azmi Maruf</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Aditya Sukma Pawitra</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Heavy metals</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Health risk</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Pesticide exposure</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: The increasing use of chemical pesticides in agriculture raises concerns about heavy metal exposure. This study compares chronic heavy metal contamination levels (Pb, Cd, Cr6+) in the urine of pesticide sprayers and the general public in agricultural areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 100 respondents, equally divided between sprayers and the general public, was conducted. Data were gathered through interviews, observations, and laboratory tests. Heavy metal levels in urine were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). Factors like age, work duration, spraying frequency, and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) use were examined through Mann-Whitney and linear regression tests. Results and Discussion: Pesticide sprayers had significantly higher mean levels of Pb (0.084 mg/kg), Cd (0.010 mg/kg), and Cr6+ (0.010 mg/kg) than the general public. Key contributors to this accumulation included age, working hours, and the number of pesticide mixtures used. Inadequate PPE use and long exposure times were common, leading to health complaints such as nausea, vomiting, and headaches, indicating the harmful effects of pesticide exposure. Conclusion: Pesticide sprayers are at greater risk of heavy metal accumulation due to prolonged exposure and poor safety measures. Improving PPE use and reducing exposure are critical to minimizing health risks from heavy metal contamination. Awareness campaigns are necessary to protect agricultural workers.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-01-31</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/62093</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jkl.v17i1.2025.54-59</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ; Vol. 17 No. 1 (2025): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN; 54-59</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-881X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1829-7285</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/62093/31647</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/62093/31648</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>