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Socioeconomic, Behavioral, and Environmental Predictors of Tuberculosis Treatment Duration: A Multivariate Analysis in Urban Indonesia

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health) · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 93–100

DOI
10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.93-100
ISSN
2540-881X, 1829-7285
Terbit
2026-04-20
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia currently ranks second globally in TB incidence. The disease causes an estimated 125,000 deaths annually. Prolonged treatment duration increases the risk of treatment interruption, drug resistance, and financial burden on patients. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental predictors associated with TB treatment duration. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied across primary health centers in Jambi City, Indonesia. The study population included individuals at risk of TB, and 297 pulmonary TB patients were recruited using purposive sampling. Independent variables included socioeconomic status, smoking behavior, TB-related knowledge, patient attitude toward treatment, and housing density. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify dominant predictors of prolonged treatment duration. Results and Discussion: A total of 40.1% of patients experienced prolonged treatment (> 6 months). Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between treatment duration and socioeconomic status (p < 0.001), smoking behavior (p = 0.018), TB knowledge (p = 0.004), treatment attitude (p = 0.001), and housing density (p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis identified low socioeconomic status (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.34–3.47) and negative treatment attitude (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19–2.79) as the strongest predictors of prolonged treatment duration. Conclusion: Patients with limited financial resources may face structural barriers to treatment completion, including transportation costs, unstable income, and competing daily priorities. These findings have important implications for Indonesia’s TB program and align with the WHO End TB Strategy, which emphasizes addressing social determinants of health.

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  • Universitas Jambi
  • Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Ima MariaUniversitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta23
Nuriyah NuriyahUniversitas Jambi20
Huntari HarahapUniversitas Jambi12
Rina Nofri EnisUniversitas Jambi11
Ahmad SyauqyUniversitas Jambi7
Maria Estela KarolinaUniversitas Jambi6
Nyimas Natasha Ayu ShafiraUniversitas Jambi6
Putri Sari WulandariUniversitas Jambi6
NuriyahAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
AuroraAfiliasi tidak diketahui6
Raihanah SuzanUniversitas Jambi4
Patrick William GadingUniversitas Jambi4
Anggelia PuspasariUniversitas Jambi4
Susan TarawifaUniversitas Jambi4
Herlambang HerlambangUniversitas Jambi3
Ratna SugiatiUniversitas Jambi3
Ali IdrusUniversitas Jambi3
Miftahurrahma MiftahurrahmaUniversitas Jambi3
Esa Indah AyudiaUniversitas Jambi3
Attiya IstariniUniversitas Jambi3
Nurhusna NurhusnaUniversitas Jambi2
Amelia Dwi FitriUniversitas Jambi2
Herlambang HerlambangUniversitas Jambi2
Ratna SugiantiAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
LipinwatiUniversitas Jambi2
Jurnal JmjAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Anati PurwakanthiUniversitas Jambi2
Ave Olivia RahmanUniversitas Jambi2
Lipinwati LipinwatiUniversitas Jambi2
Citra MaharaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Citra MaharaniUniversitas Jambi2
Yosi OktarinaUniversitas Jambi1
Sri MulyaniUniversitas Jambi1
Dini RudiniUniversitas Jambi1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Socioeconomic, Behavioral, and Environmental Predictors of Tuberculosis Treatment Duration: A Multivariate Analysis in Urban Indonesia</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Wahyu Indah Dewi Aurora</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Maharani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Tia Wida Ekaputri</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Armaidi Darmawan</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Erny Kusdiyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Andika Sulistiawan</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Behavioral</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Environmental Predictors</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Socioeconomic</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Treatment Duration</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Tuberculosis</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB) in Indonesia currently ranks second globally in TB incidence. The disease causes an estimated 125,000 deaths annually. Prolonged treatment duration increases the risk of treatment interruption, drug resistance, and financial burden on patients. This study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic, behavioral, and environmental predictors associated with TB treatment duration. Methods: A cross-sectional design was applied across primary health centers in Jambi City, Indonesia. The study population included individuals at risk of TB, and 297 pulmonary TB patients were recruited using purposive sampling. Independent variables included socioeconomic status, smoking behavior, TB-related knowledge, patient attitude toward treatment, and housing density. Chi-square tests were used for bivariate analysis, and multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify dominant predictors of prolonged treatment duration. Results and Discussion: A total of 40.1% of patients experienced prolonged treatment (&amp;gt; 6 months). Bivariate analysis showed significant associations between treatment duration and socioeconomic status (p &amp;lt; 0.001), smoking behavior (p = 0.018), TB knowledge (p = 0.004), treatment attitude (p = 0.001), and housing density (p = 0.009). Multivariate analysis identified low socioeconomic status (AOR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.34–3.47) and negative treatment attitude (AOR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.19–2.79) as the strongest predictors of prolonged treatment duration. Conclusion: Patients with limited financial resources may face structural barriers to treatment completion, including transportation costs, unstable income, and competing daily priorities. These findings have important implications for Indonesia’s TB program and align with the WHO End TB Strategy, which emphasizes addressing social determinants of health.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-04-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/80641</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.93-100</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN; 93-100</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-881X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1829-7285</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/80641/37150</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/80641/37050</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>