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Spatial Analysis of Neurological Disorders among Pesticide-Exposed Chili Farmers in Bandungan, Semarang Regency, 2025

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health) · Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 151–158

DOI
10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.151-158
ISSN
2540-881X, 1829-7285
Terbit
2026-04-20
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: Environmental and worker health issues causing from pesticide exposure remain a significant concern in the agricultural sector. Some research has found that longer exposure to pesticides can probably cause neurological disorders. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exposure intensity, individual characteristics, and the incidence of neurological disorders with the spatial distribution pattern in the farming region. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study with a spatial approach were carried out involving 75 chili farmers in the Bandungan region. Information about frequency exposed to pesticides, individual characteristics, and symptoms of neurological disorder was compiled by structured questionnaires, observation and analyzed based on the Romberg test. The data was analyzed using statistical and spatial tests with Moran's Index. Results and Discussion: The data indicated that most of the farmers (at least 50%) showed symptoms of neurological problems. The highest number of cases was found among farmers who were older than 50 (66.7%), with an overweight body mass index (BMI) (80%), and incomplete use of safety equipment (59%). Autocorrelation spatial showed the result of a notable significance clustering of neurological disorders (Moran’s I Z-score = 3.94, p ≤ 0.01), with the high-risk location in Kenteng Village. Based on bivariate tests, it showed that the increase in risk of neurological disorders is influenced by increasing age, BMI, and the complete use of safety equipment. Conclusion: Therefore, efforts to promote, collaborate, and implement the use of complete PPE are needed to reduce the health risks of farmers exposed to pesticides.

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  • State University of Semarang
  • Mahidol University
  • Satya Wacana Christian University
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
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  • Organisasi sama
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Arum SiwiendrayantiState University of Semarang2
Shobiechah Aldillah WulandhariMahidol University2
Sri Ratna RahayuState University of Semarang2
Siti Lailatun NikmahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Wahyudi WahyudiSatya Wacana Christian University2
Ali MasyharState University of Semarang2
Syatriawan LaguraState University of Semarang2
Nadela JusticeaState University of Semarang2
Juniza Indah SetiawatiState University of Semarang2
Evi WidowatiState University of Semarang2
Widya Hary CahyatiState University of Semarang2
Sofwan IndarjoState University of Semarang1
Anik Setyo WahyuningsihState University of Semarang1
Ummi Nur Laila SulistyaniState University of Semarang1
Luqman AlwiState University of Semarang1
Palgunadi PalgunadiState University of Semarang1
Annisa Aulia SavitriState University of Semarang1
Diah Rahmah PermatasariState University of Semarang1
Ikhsan RamadhanState University of Semarang1
Jacklyn Mahardeka Putri ShermanState University of Semarang1
Nasywa Vebhe PranandariState University of Semarang1
Widya Kusuma WardhaniState University of Semarang1
Jemima Pradipta ApituleyState University of Semarang1
Dina WahyuniState University of Semarang1
Yuni WijayantiState University of Semarang1
Ferry NurhandokoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Adinda Mayhana PramestiState University of Semarang1
Widiana FebriantiState University of Semarang1
Santika Setya UtamiState University of Semarang1
Miftakhul JanahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Herry KoesyantoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Rita MartiwiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Sugiharto SugihartoUniversitas Airlangga1
Miana Ciputra HandariAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Harizatul QudsiahState University of Semarang1
Diah Putri LestianiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Noviyani Dwi RaharjantiState University of Semarang1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Spatial Analysis of Neurological Disorders among Pesticide-Exposed Chili Farmers in Bandungan, Semarang Regency, 2025</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Eram Tunggul Pawenang</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Fitri Indrawati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Heni Isniyati</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Environmental Health</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Farmers</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Neurological Disorders</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Pesticide Exposure</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Spatial Analysis</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: Environmental and worker health issues causing from pesticide exposure remain a significant concern in the agricultural sector. Some research has found that longer exposure to pesticides can probably cause neurological disorders. This study aims to analyze the relationship between exposure intensity, individual characteristics, and the incidence of neurological disorders with the spatial distribution pattern in the farming region. Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study with a spatial approach were carried out involving 75 chili farmers in the Bandungan region. Information about frequency exposed to pesticides, individual characteristics, and symptoms of neurological disorder was compiled by structured questionnaires, observation and analyzed based on the Romberg test. The data was analyzed using statistical and spatial tests with Moran's Index. Results and Discussion: The data indicated that most of the farmers (at least 50%) showed symptoms of neurological problems. The highest number of cases was found among farmers who were older than 50 (66.7%), with an overweight body mass index (BMI) (80%), and incomplete use of safety equipment (59%). Autocorrelation spatial showed the result of a notable significance clustering of neurological disorders (Moran’s I Z-score = 3.94, p ≤ 0.01), with the high-risk location in Kenteng Village. Based on bivariate tests, it showed that the increase in risk of neurological disorders is influenced by increasing age, BMI, and the complete use of safety equipment. Conclusion: Therefore, efforts to promote, collaborate, and implement the use of complete PPE are needed to reduce the health risks of farmers exposed to pesticides.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-04-20</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/82263</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jkl.v18i2.2026.151-158</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ; Vol. 18 No. 2 (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN; 151-158</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-881X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1829-7285</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/82263/37183</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/82263/37057</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>