Melola Discovery

← Melola Discovery

Akses terbuka Jurnal SINTA 1

Microplastic Abundance in Refilled Drinking Water: The Role of Depot Sanitation and Maintenance Practices

JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN (Journal of Environmental Health) · Vol. 18 No. 1si (2026) · hlm. 11–20

DOI
10.20473/jkl.v18i1si.2026.11-20
ISSN
2540-881X, 1829-7285
Terbit
2026-06-21
Penerbit
Universitas Airlangga
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: Refilled drinking water (RDW) is contaminated with microplastics (MPs) which have an impact on human health. Despite increasing evidence, regulatory standards, and monitoring remain limited. The objective of this study was to analyze MPs abundance based on characteristics of RDW depots. Methods: This observational study was carried out using across-sectional design, with the population comprising all RDW depots operating in 2 sub-districts, Banyumas, Indonesia (n = 36). A total of 1000 mL of RDW was collected from each depot using glass bottles to minimize contamination. Equipment was acid-washed (10% nitric acid), rinsed with distilled water, and plastic materials were avoided. MPs were identified morphologically under a microscope based on shape, color, and abundance. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA. Results and Discussion: The results showed that MPs were detected in all samples, with fragment-shaped particles predominating (82.1%), black-colored being most common (87.3%), and a mean abundance of 42.6 particles/L (min–max: 18–69; SD: 12.5). Higher mean MPs abundance was observed in urban areas, the use of piped water as the raw water source, depots operating for more than five years, less frequent maintenance, and high sanitation risk. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found based on maintenance routines (p-value = 0.028) and sanitation risk levels (p-value = 0.003). Conclusion: This study showed that regular and well-planned maintenance practices, together with proper hygiene and sanitation implementation, were key factors in controlling MPs contamination in RDW depots.

Kata kunci

Jaringan kolaborasi para penulis

28 penulis · 73 tautan kepenulisan bersama · 28 lintas organisasi

Arahkan kursor atau ketuk sebuah nama untuk menyorot rekan penulisnya. Klik dua kali untuk membuka halaman penulis.

  • Poltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya
  • Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia
  • State University of Semarang
  • University of Bangka Belitung
  • Ehime University
  • Politeknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Jakarta II
  • Universitas Airlangga
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Organisasi berbeda
  • Organisasi sama
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
  • Garis lebih tebal = lebih banyak artikel bersama · lingkaran lebih besar = lebih banyak artikel
Tampilkan sebagai tabel
Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Hylda Pravyta FajarwatyPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Pratiwi HermiyantiPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Lisa Afida RizqiyahPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Imam ThohariPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Ruslan La AneEhime University1
Hanifah Nailul MukarromahPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Marlik MarlikPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Ngadino NgadinoPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Lailatul FithriyahPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Irwan SulistioPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Slamet WardoyoPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Marlik MarlikPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Mahawiraja SetiawanPoliteknik Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Jakarta II1
Widya Hari CahyatiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Yuni WijayantiState University of Semarang1
R. SusantiState University of Semarang1
Narwati NarwatiPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Ferry KriswandanaPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Iva Rustanti Eri WardoyoPoltekkes Kemenkes Surabaya1
Nur Rafiqa Puspita SariKementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia1
R. AzizahUniversitas Airlangga1
Mufiadzatul ArdiyahKementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Microplastic Abundance in Refilled Drinking Water: The Role of Depot Sanitation and Maintenance Practices</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Nuryanto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Demes Nurmayanti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Hari Rudijanto Indro Wardono</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ratih Lukmitarani</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Ernita Sari</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Umroh</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Depot Sanitation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Maintenance Practices</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">MPs</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">RDW</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: Refilled drinking water (RDW) is contaminated with microplastics (MPs) which have an impact on human health. Despite increasing evidence, regulatory standards, and monitoring remain limited. The objective of this study was to analyze MPs abundance based on characteristics of RDW depots. Methods: This observational study was carried out using across-sectional design, with the population comprising all RDW depots operating in 2 sub-districts, Banyumas, Indonesia (n = 36). A total of 1000 mL of RDW was collected from each depot using glass bottles to minimize contamination. Equipment was acid-washed (10% nitric acid), rinsed with distilled water, and plastic materials were avoided. MPs were identified morphologically under a microscope based on shape, color, and abundance. Data were analyzed using independent t-tests and one-way ANOVA. Results and Discussion: The results showed that MPs were detected in all samples, with fragment-shaped particles predominating (82.1%), black-colored being most common (87.3%), and a mean abundance of 42.6 particles/L (min–max: 18–69; SD: 12.5). Higher mean MPs abundance was observed in urban areas, the use of piped water as the raw water source, depots operating for more than five years, less frequent maintenance, and high sanitation risk. Furthermore, statistically significant differences were found based on maintenance routines (p-value = 0.028) and sanitation risk levels (p-value = 0.003). Conclusion: This study showed that regular and well-planned maintenance practices, together with proper hygiene and sanitation implementation, were key factors in controlling MPs contamination in RDW depots.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Airlangga</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-06-21</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>text/xml</dc:format>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/89271</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.20473/jkl.v18i1si.2026.11-20</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN ; Vol. 18 No. 1si (2026): JURNAL KESEHATAN LINGKUNGAN; 11-20</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-881X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>1829-7285</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/89271/38472</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JKL/article/view/89271/38052</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>