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The effect of organic fertilizer application on phytoremediation of heavy metals-contaminated rice fields using Cordyline fruticose and Excoecaria cochinchinensis

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management · Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025) · hlm. 7789–7802

DOI
10.15243/jdmlm.2025.123.7789
ISSN
2502-2458, 2339-076X
Terbit
2025-04-01
Penerbit
Brawijaya University
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0

Abstrak

Inadequate industrial waste management has led to heavy metal contamination in agricultural lands, threatening food productivity and sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer application on the phytoremediation of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) contaminated rice fields surrounding the industrial area of Pagak, Malang Regency. The study was initiated by identifying the distribution of Pb and Cd in soil, water, and rice plants. The soil identified with the highest Pb and Cd concentrations was then subjected to a phytoremediation experiment using Cordyline fruticose and Excoecaria cochinchinensis as metal accumulator plants. Organic fertilizers used for the evaluation of the phytoremediation effectiveness were chicken manure, Thitonia, and sugarcane waste. Phytoremediation effectiveness was evaluated based on the Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) and Translocation Factor (TF). The results of the soil characterization study showed that Pb and Cd concentrations at soil depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm exceeded the permissible limits, with Pb concentrations ranging from 41.62 to 74.93 ppm and Cd concentrations ranging from 0.58 to 1.10 ppm. The results of the phytoremediation experiment showed that Cordyline fruticose exhibited higher Pb and Cd absorption capacity than Excoecaria cochinchinensis at 30 and 60 days after planting), indicated by BAF values of >1. In all treatments, however, both plant species have TF values of <1, indicating that the two plant species are considered suitable for phytostabilization as heavy metals in the soils were more concentrated in the plant roots rather than in the plant shoots.

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  • University of Brawijaya
  • University of Göttingen
  • Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten
  • Universitas Wisnuwardhana Malang
  • State University of Semarang
  • Universitas Negeri Padang
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Sri Rahayu UtamiUniversity of Brawijaya5
Christanti AgustinaUniversity of Brawijaya3
Tatik WardiyatiUniversity of Brawijaya3
Wiwin Sumiya Dwi YamikaUniversity of Brawijaya2
Agus SuryantoUniversity of Brawijaya2
Mudji SantosaUniversity of Brawijaya2
Marife D. CorreUniversity of Göttingen2
S SudartoUniversity of Brawijaya2
Yekti Sri RahayuUniversitas Wisnuwardhana Malang2
Soemarno SoemarnoUniversity of Brawijaya2
Didik HariyonoUniversity of Brawijaya2
Norry Eka PalupiIndonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development2
Nurul AiniUniversity of Brawijaya2
Niken KendariniUniversity of Brawijaya2
Elfita Rahma AuliaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Adi SetiyawanUniversity of Brawijaya1
Andi KurniawanUniversity of Brawijaya1
Cicik UdayanaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Nadya Inri Meiana MUniversity of Brawijaya1
Salvia SalsabilaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Retno UtamiState University of Semarang1
Iyan RobiansyahIndonesian Institute of Sciences1
Yatha Maziyyatul HijriyahUniversity of Brawijaya1
Eni NuraeniUniversitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten1
Dwi Hilda PutriUniversitas Negeri Padang1
Uswatun HasanahUniversitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin Banten1
Nurul AiniUniversitas Muhammadiyah Malang1
Kartika YurlisaUniversity of Brawijaya1
Paramyta Nila PermanasariUniversity of Brawijaya1
Hagus TarnoUniversity of Brawijaya1
Ninuk HerlinaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Roedy SoelistyonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Edzo VeldkampUniversity of Göttingen1
Darmawan SaptadiUniversity of Brawijaya1
Kuswanto KuswantoUniversity of Brawijaya1
Farida FaridaUniversity of Brawijaya1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) http://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The effect of organic fertilizer application on phytoremediation of heavy metals-contaminated rice fields using Cordyline fruticose and Excoecaria cochinchinensis</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Karamina, Hidayati</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Barunawati, Nunun</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Kurniawan, Syahrul</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Maghfoer, Moch Dawam</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">bioaccumulation</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">food safety</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">hyperaccumulators</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">industrial waste</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">soil pollution </dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Inadequate industrial waste management has led to heavy metal contamination in agricultural lands, threatening food productivity and sustainability. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of organic fertilizer application on the phytoremediation of heavy metals (Pb and Cd) contaminated rice fields surrounding the industrial area of Pagak, Malang Regency. The study was initiated by identifying the distribution of Pb and Cd in soil, water, and rice plants. The soil identified with the highest Pb and Cd concentrations was then subjected to a phytoremediation experiment using Cordyline fruticose and Excoecaria cochinchinensis as metal accumulator plants. Organic fertilizers used for the evaluation of the phytoremediation effectiveness were chicken manure, Thitonia, and sugarcane waste. Phytoremediation effectiveness was evaluated based on the Bioaccumulation Factor (BAF) and Translocation Factor (TF). The results of the soil characterization study showed that Pb and Cd concentrations at soil depths of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm exceeded the permissible limits, with Pb concentrations ranging from 41.62 to 74.93 ppm and Cd concentrations ranging from 0.58 to 1.10 ppm. The results of the phytoremediation experiment showed that Cordyline fruticose exhibited higher Pb and Cd absorption capacity than Excoecaria cochinchinensis at 30 and 60 days after planting), indicated by BAF values of &amp;gt;1. In all treatments, however, both plant species have TF values of &amp;lt;1, indicating that the two plant species are considered suitable for phytostabilization as heavy metals in the soils were more concentrated in the plant roots rather than in the plant shoots.</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Brawijaya University</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2025-04-01</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17056</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.15243/jdmlm.2025.123.7789</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management; Vol. 12 No. 3 (2025); 7789-7802</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2502-2458</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2339-076X</dc:source>
	<dc:source>10.15243/jdmlm.2025.123</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jdmlm.ub.ac.id/index.php/jdmlm/article/view/17056/1409</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>