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Respiratory Symptom Composite, Individual Characteristics, and Area PM10 Measurements among Makassar Flour Mill Workers

Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy · Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026) · hlm. 490–498

DOI
10.56338/jphp.v6i3.11536
ISSN
2775-4952
Terbit
2026-10-12
Penerbit
Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

Introduction: This study described an unvalidated respiratory symptom composite, individual characteristics, and concurrent spirometric screening among flour mill workers in Makassar, with short-duration area PM10 measurements providing descriptive workplace context. Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2025. Archived aggregate tables included data for 87 workers; complete participation and source-data completeness could not be verified. The primary outcome was a study-specific, unvalidated 12-item composite using a ≥50% affirmative-response threshold. Crude prevalence ratios (PRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with nominal 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reconstructed from categorical counts. Ten 10-minute area PM10 measurements were summarized separately. The unverifiable adjusted model was removed. Results: The composite threshold was met by 49/87 workers (56.3%). Crude PRs were 1.61 (95% CI 1.08–2.40) for the respiratory history composite, 2.44 (1.65–3.62) for service >5 years, and 2.62 (1.60–4.31) for former or current smoking versus never smoking. PPE use had a PR of 1.47 (0.996–2.180), and the exercise composite had a PR of 1.04 (0.72–1.52). Abnormal spirometric screening co-occurred with a higher composite-positive proportion (PR 2.56; 1.39–4.73), without implying a predictive relationship. PM10 ranged from 5 to 902 µg/m³. Estimates were unadjusted and CIs did not account for possible work-area clustering. Conclusion: Recorded individual characteristics differed in their crude association with the unvalidated symptom composite. These findings do not establish respiratory disease prevalence, independent determinants, or causation. Area measurements cannot establish individual PM10–symptom associations or regulatory compliance. The findings identify priorities for better-documented exposure assessment and respiratory surveillance.

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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Fikriyyah UtamiHasanuddin University2
Tiara Maharani Nur Hiliyatin Nisaa AbastianHasanuddin University2
Syamsiar S. RussengAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
A. Arsunan ArsinAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Lestina NurjanahAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Furqaan NaiemAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lalu M SalehAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Indra DwinataAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fajaruddin NatsirAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurul MuflishaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Awaluddin AwaluddinHasanuddin University1
Muhammad Rum RahimAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nurul Mawaddah SyafitriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Muhammad RachmatAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Jumriani AnsarAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Lalu MuhammadAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Dian Fitri Ayu RamadhaniAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Andi Rezki NadillahAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Indah Aqvirah Dewi Ramadhani EdiwanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Syamsiar RussengAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Iin Karmila YusriAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Andi WahyuniHasanuddin University1
Masyitha MuisAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ria Rezki SudarminAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Awaluddin AwaluddinHasanuddin University1
Wahyuni WahyuniHasanuddin University1
M Furqaan NaiemHasanuddin University1
Dian Saputra MarzukiHasanuddin University1
Adinda Ratu NursholehatyAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fitrah Chairunnisa FirmanAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Nur Devi SyamsirAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Widia Meilia YusufAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ummu KalsumAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Fridawaty RivaiHasanuddin University1
Alimin MaidinHasanuddin University1

Afiliasi berasal dari OpenAlex; metadata OAI-PMH jurnal tidak memuatnya. Penulis tanpa ID OpenAlex dicocokkan berdasarkan nama, sehingga dua orang bisa tergabung atau satu orang bisa terpisah.

Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/jphp/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
<oai_dc:dc xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/  http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">Respiratory Symptom Composite, Individual Characteristics, and Area PM10 Measurements among Makassar Flour Mill Workers</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Rahmadhani, Tiara</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Wahyu, Atjo</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Thamrin, Yahya</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Muis, Masyita</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Arsunan, Andi</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Flour Mill Workers</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">PM10</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Respiratory Symptom Composite</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Cross-Sectional Study</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Spirometric Screening</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Introduction: This study described an unvalidated respiratory symptom composite, individual characteristics, and concurrent spirometric screening among flour mill workers in Makassar, with short-duration area PM10 measurements providing descriptive workplace context.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in December 2025. Archived aggregate tables included data for 87 workers; complete participation and source-data completeness could not be verified. The primary outcome was a study-specific, unvalidated 12-item composite using a ≥50% affirmative-response threshold. Crude prevalence ratios (PRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with nominal 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reconstructed from categorical counts. Ten 10-minute area PM10 measurements were summarized separately. The unverifiable adjusted model was removed.
Results: The composite threshold was met by 49/87 workers (56.3%). Crude PRs were 1.61 (95% CI 1.08–2.40) for the respiratory history composite, 2.44 (1.65–3.62) for service &amp;gt;5 years, and 2.62 (1.60–4.31) for former or current smoking versus never smoking. PPE use had a PR of 1.47 (0.996–2.180), and the exercise composite had a PR of 1.04 (0.72–1.52). Abnormal spirometric screening co-occurred with a higher composite-positive proportion (PR 2.56; 1.39–4.73), without implying a predictive relationship. PM10 ranged from 5 to 902 µg/m³. Estimates were unadjusted and CIs did not account for possible work-area clustering.
Conclusion: Recorded individual characteristics differed in their crude association with the unvalidated symptom composite. These findings do not establish respiratory disease prevalence, independent determinants, or causation. Area measurements cannot establish individual PM10–symptom associations or regulatory compliance. The findings identify priorities for better-documented exposure assessment and respiratory surveillance.
 </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Pusat Pengembangan Teknologi Informasi dan Jurnal Universitas Muhammadiyah Palu</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-10-12</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/jphp/article/view/11536</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.56338/jphp.v6i3.11536</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy; Vol. 6 No. 3 (2026); 490-498</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2775-4952</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.unismuhpalu.ac.id/index.php/jphp/article/view/11536/8096</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of Public Health and Pharmacy</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>