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The Gastrointestinal Parasites in Habituated Group of Sulawesi Black-crested Macaque (Macaca nigra) in Tangkoko, North Sulawesi

Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology · Vol. 7 No. 3 (2022)

DOI
10.22146/jtbb.73044
ISSN
2540-9581, 2540-9573
Terbit
2022-11-23
Penerbit
Universitas Gadjah Mada
Bahasa
eng
Lisensi
creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0

Abstrak

The Sulawesi black-crested macaque (Macaca nigra) is an endemic primate of North Sulawesi that is categorized as critically endangered (IUCN 2015). Endoparasite contributes to the decline of M.nigra. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of endoparasites in the Sulawesi black-crested macaque (M. nigra). We collected 80 fresh fecal samples representing all sex from the two habituated groups. We analyzed them using the direct examination technique (0.9% NaCl, iodine, methylene blue) and flotation technique with the modified McMaster test. A total of 15 endoparasite taxa were recorded and 78 of 80 samples were infected with at least one or several endoparasite taxa. Around 93.75% (75/80) samples were positive for protozoa (Balantidium sp., Entamoeba sp., Giardia sp., and Isospora sp.) and 88.75% (71/80) samples were positive for helminths (Ancylostoma sp., Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Trichuris sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Ascarid sp., Diphyllobothrium sp., Echinococcus sp., Hymenolepis sp., Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mekongi). The abundance of protozoa was higher than helminth, although the number of helminth taxon (11) was higher. The average temperature and monthly rainfall did not affect the number of endoparasites (EPG). The prevalence was higher in females than males due to different social styles; female crested macaques are more tolerant than males. The group with a larger number of individuals had a higher prevalence of endoparasites. These results confirm the presence and high diversity of gastrointestinal endoparasites in M. nigra, which can help to understand transmission dynamics and zoonotic potential, as well as to consider conservation policies.

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  • IPB University
  • Liverpool John Moores University
  • National Research and Innovation Agency
  • University of Zurich
  • German Primate Center
  • Czech University of Life Sciences Prague
  • Institut Teknologi Kalimantan
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Achmad FarajallahIPB University4
Yeni Aryati MulyaniIPB University3
Entang IskandarIPB University3
Andre PasethaIPB University2
Puji RiantiIPB University2
Huda Shalahudin DarusmanIPB University2
Hana Intishar SawitriIPB University2
Tommy Langgeng AbimanyuIPB University2
Muladno MuladnoIPB University2
Maria UlfahIPB University2
Dewi Apri AstutiIPB University1
Indira Nurul QomariahIPB University1
Eka arismayantiIPB University1
Waterman James O.Liverpool John Moores University1
Islamul HadiIPB University1
Bambang SuryobrotoIPB University1
Dondin SajuthiIPB University1
Joko PamungkasNational Research and Innovation Agency1
Alexander NaterUniversity of Zurich1
Michael KrützenIPB University1
Chairunas Adha PutraIPB University1
Muhammad AgilIPB University1
Lisa M. DanishGerman Primate Center1
Antje EngelhardtLiverpool John Moores University1
Sodikin SodikinUniversitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung1
Riki HerliansyahInstitut Teknologi Kalimantan1
Alexander Kurniawan Sariyanto PuteraIPB University1
Stanislav LhotaCzech University of Life Sciences Prague1
Indra PurnamaIPB University1
Vallen Sakti MaulanaIPB University1
Annisa Devi RachmawatiIPB University1
RizaldiAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Uus SaepulohIPB University1
Ruhama Maya SariIPB University1
Alfiyan AchmadIPB University1
Achmad AlfiyanIPB University1
Hanny RamadhantiIPB University1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/jtbb/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">The Gastrointestinal Parasites in Habituated Group of Sulawesi Black-crested Macaque (Macaca nigra) in Tangkoko, North Sulawesi</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Wulandari, Sitti Aisyah May</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Perwitasari-Farajallah, Dyah</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Sulistiawati, Erni</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Biology</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Endangered species; Endoparasite gastrointestinal; Macaca nigra; McMaster test; Sulawesi black-crested Macaque</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">The Sulawesi black-crested macaque (Macaca nigra) is an endemic primate of North Sulawesi that is categorized as critically endangered (IUCN 2015). Endoparasite contributes to the decline of M.nigra. Therefore, this study aims to determine the prevalence of endoparasites in the Sulawesi black-crested macaque (M. nigra). We collected 80 fresh fecal samples representing all sex from the two habituated groups. We analyzed them using the direct examination technique (0.9% NaCl, iodine, methylene blue) and flotation technique with the modified McMaster test. A total of 15 endoparasite taxa were recorded and 78 of 80 samples were infected with at least one or several endoparasite taxa. Around 93.75% (75/80) samples were positive for protozoa (Balantidium sp., Entamoeba sp., Giardia sp., and Isospora sp.) and 88.75% (71/80) samples were positive for helminths (Ancylostoma sp., Strongyloides sp., Haemonchus sp., Trichuris sp., Trichostrongylus sp., Ascarid sp., Diphyllobothrium sp., Echinococcus sp., Hymenolepis sp., Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mekongi). The abundance of protozoa was higher than helminth, although the number of helminth taxon (11) was higher. The average temperature and monthly rainfall did not affect the number of endoparasites (EPG). The prevalence was higher in females than males due to different social styles; female crested macaques are more tolerant than males. The group with a larger number of individuals had a higher prevalence of endoparasites. These results confirm the presence and high diversity of gastrointestinal endoparasites in M. nigra, which can help to understand transmission dynamics and zoonotic potential, as well as to consider conservation policies. </dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:publisher>
	<dc:contributor xml:lang="en-US">Andre Pasetha, M.Si. dan Dr. Kirsty Graham</dc:contributor>
	<dc:date>2022-11-23</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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	<dc:identifier>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jtbb/article/view/73044</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22146/jtbb.73044</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology; Vol 7, No 3 (2022): December; jtbb73044</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-9581</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2540-9573</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jtbb/article/view/73044/35107</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jtbb/article/downloadSuppFile/73044/20466</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jtbb/article/downloadSuppFile/73044/20467</dc:relation>
	<dc:relation>https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jtbb/article/downloadSuppFile/73044/20468</dc:relation>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US">South East Asia</dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US"></dc:coverage>
	<dc:coverage xml:lang="en-US"></dc:coverage>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology</dc:rights>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0</dc:rights>
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