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A Flexural Behavior of Full-Scale RC Beam Strengthened Using Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer: Experimental Research

Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum · Vol. 12 No. 2 (2026) · hlm. 153–170

DOI
10.22146/jcef.22499
ISSN
2549-5925, 2581-1037
Terbit
2026-03-03
Penerbit
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Bahasa
eng

Abstrak

Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures, though strong and economical, may need to be strengthened due to increased load demand for upgraded room functions. Strengthening an RC beam element with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) offers flexural strength enhancement, corrosion resistance, and cost efficiency. However, the study that considers the full-scale dimension of a beam strengthened with GFRP is still limited. Therefore, more studies on the flexural strength enhancement of RC beams with GFRP need to be conducted. This research investigated the flexural performance of full-scale RC beams strengthened with externally bonded GFRP. This study involved testing five beam specimens, each with a different number of GFRP layers attached to the outermost tensile zone of the cross-section. Flexural testing was conducted using a four-point bending setup with a loading–unloading scheme to capture the specimens’ elastoplastic behavior, considering recovery during unloading. The analyzed parameters included stiffness, yield strength, debonding strength, ultimate strength, and ductility. Furthermore, the flexural strength was predicted through analytical calculations based on the fiber section method, while the shear strength was estimated following the ACI 318M-14 code. The experimental results showed that GFRP strengthening considerably increased stiffness and first flexural strength of RC beams as a proportion of the number of layers during the pre-debonding state. Despite the debonding occurrence initiating a temporary lapse in the role of GFRP at 0.67% to 0.93% of displacement-span-ratio, it decreased the flexural resistance momentarily. Then, the strengthened beams with two-to-four-layer GFRP still exhibited second ultimate flexural strength enhancement within the range 14.35% to 39.22%. Furthermore, GFRP strengthening generally preserved beam ductility at the second ultimate flexural strength due to the catenary action from debonded GFRP in the plastic hinge zone. Thus, additional GFRP for strengthening RC beams could be effective in the case of a positive bending moment to enhance the stiffness, strength, and ductility

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  • Universitas Gadjah Mada
  • Universiti Teknologi MARA
  • Port and Airport Research Institute
  • Universitas Cokroaminoto Yogyakarta
  • University of Technology Malaysia
  • Forest Research Institute Malaysia
  • Indonesian Institute of Sciences
  • Afiliasi tidak diketahui
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Rekan penulisOrganisasiArtikel bersama
Iman SatyarnoUniversitas Gadjah Mada4
Ali AwaludinUniversitas Gadjah Mada3
Yusuf HarokiPort and Airport Research Institute3
Muhamad Fauzi DarmawanUniversitas Gadjah Mada3
Sidiq PurnomoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Ignatius Harry SumartonoAfiliasi tidak diketahui2
Gadang PriyotomoIndonesian Institute of Sciences2
Trihol Oky Jones SilabanUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Ardi WiranataUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Ryan Anugrah PutraUniversitas Gadjah Mada2
Sakhiah Abdul KudusUniversiti Teknologi MARA2
Mujammil Asdhiyoga RahmantaAfiliasi tidak diketahui1
Ari PermanaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Wilson SusantoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Endiarjati Dewandaru SadonoUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Irine Handika IkasariUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Shuanglan WuPort and Airport Research Institute1
Bambang SuhendroUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Anno MahfudaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Ananda Elnish FiqhunissaUniversitas Gadjah Mada1
Mariyana Aida Ab KadirUniversity of Technology Malaysia1
Mohd Rizuwan MamatForest Research Institute Malaysia1
Mohd Hisbany Mohd HashimUniversiti Teknologi MARA1

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Sumber metadata: OAI-PMH (metadata jurnal) https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/jcef/oai, pertama di-harvest 9 Nov 2026, terakhir terlihat 9 Nov 2026.
Metadata asli (oai_dc) 
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	<dc:title xml:lang="en-US">A Flexural Behavior of Full-Scale RC Beam Strengthened Using Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer: Experimental Research</dc:title>
	<dc:creator>Putri, Oktalia Wuranti</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Setiawan, Angga Fajar</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Siswosukarto, Suprapto</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Muflikhun, Muhammad Akhsin</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Nor, Noorsuhada Md</dc:creator>
	<dc:creator>Muslikh</dc:creator>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Reinforced concrete beam</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Glass fiber reinforced polymer</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Flexural strengthening</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Ductility</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Full-scale</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Debonding</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Structural Engineering</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Reinforced Concrete</dc:subject>
	<dc:subject xml:lang="en-US">Strengthening</dc:subject>
	<dc:description xml:lang="en-US">Reinforced Concrete (RC) structures, though strong and economical, may need to be strengthened due to increased load demand for upgraded room functions. Strengthening an RC beam element with Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer (GFRP) offers flexural strength enhancement, corrosion resistance, and cost efficiency. However, the study that considers the full-scale dimension of a beam strengthened with GFRP is still limited. Therefore, more studies on the flexural strength enhancement of RC beams with GFRP need to be conducted. This research investigated the flexural performance of full-scale RC beams strengthened with externally bonded GFRP. This study involved testing five beam specimens, each with a different number of GFRP layers attached to the outermost tensile zone of the cross-section. Flexural testing was conducted using a four-point bending setup with a loading–unloading scheme to capture the specimens’ elastoplastic behavior, considering recovery during unloading. The analyzed parameters included stiffness, yield strength, debonding strength, ultimate strength, and ductility. Furthermore, the flexural strength was predicted through analytical calculations based on the fiber section method, while the shear strength was estimated following the ACI 318M-14 code. The experimental results showed that GFRP strengthening considerably increased stiffness and first flexural strength of RC beams as a proportion of the number of layers during the pre-debonding state. Despite the debonding occurrence initiating a temporary lapse in the role of GFRP at 0.67% to 0.93% of displacement-span-ratio, it decreased the flexural resistance momentarily. Then, the strengthened beams with two-to-four-layer GFRP still exhibited second ultimate flexural strength enhancement within the range 14.35% to 39.22%. Furthermore, GFRP strengthening generally preserved beam ductility at the second ultimate flexural strength due to the catenary action from debonded GFRP in the plastic hinge zone. Thus, additional GFRP for strengthening RC beams could be effective in the case of a positive bending moment to enhance the stiffness, strength, and ductility</dc:description>
	<dc:publisher xml:lang="en-US">Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada</dc:publisher>
	<dc:date>2026-03-03</dc:date>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
	<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Peer-reviewed Article</dc:type>
	<dc:type xml:lang="en-US">Experimental</dc:type>
	<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
	<dc:identifier>https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JCEF/article/view/22499</dc:identifier>
	<dc:identifier>10.22146/jcef.22499</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source xml:lang="en-US">Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum; Vol. 12 No. 2 (May 2026); 153-170</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2549-5925</dc:source>
	<dc:source>2581-1037</dc:source>
	<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
	<dc:relation>https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JCEF/article/view/22499/6876</dc:relation>
	<dc:rights xml:lang="en-US">Copyright (c) 2026 The Author(s)</dc:rights>
</oai_dc:dc>